rfc3986 1.3.2

替换urlparse

解析uri并接收与标准库非常相似的内容 urllib.parse.urlparse

fromrfc3986importurlparsessh=urlparse('ssh://user@git.openstack.org:29418/openstack/glance.git')print(ssh.scheme)# => sshprint(ssh.userinfo)# => userprint(ssh.params)# => Noneprint(ssh.port)# => 29418

要用新的片段创建它的副本，可以使用copy_with：

new_ssh=ssh.copy_with(scheme='https'userinfo='',port=443,path='/openstack/glance')print(new_ssh.scheme)# => httpsprint(new_ssh.userinfo)# => None# etc.

严格解析uri并应用验证

要将uri解析为一个方便的命名元组，您可以简单地：

fromrfc3986importuri_referenceexample=uri_reference('http://example.com')email=uri_reference('mailto:user@domain.com')ssh=uri_reference('ssh://user@git.openstack.org:29418/openstack/keystone.git')

通过解析的uri，您可以访问有关组件的数据：

print(example.scheme)# => httpprint(email.path)# => user@domain.comprint(ssh.userinfo)# => userprint(ssh.host)# => git.openstack.orgprint(ssh.port)# => 29418

它还可以解析存在unicode的uri：

uni=uri_reference(b'http://httpbin.org/get?utf8=\xe2\x98\x83')# ☃print(uni.query)# utf8=%E2%98%83

通过解析的uri，您还可以验证它：

ifssh.is_valid():subprocess.call(['git','clone',ssh.unsplit()])

您还可以获取解析的uri并将其规范化：

mangled=uri_reference('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM')print(mangled.scheme)# => hTTpprint(mangled.authority)# => exAMPLe.COMnormal=mangled.normalize()print(normal.scheme)# => httpprint(mangled.authority)# => example.com

但这两个uri（功能上）是等价的：

ifnormal==mangled:webbrowser.open(normal.unsplit())

您的路径、查询和片段对我们来说是安全的：

mangled=uri_reference('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth')normal=mangled.normalize()assertnormal=='hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth'assertnormal=='http://example.com/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth'assertnormal!='http://example.com/some/really/bizzare/path'

如果您实际上不需要真正的引用对象，只想规范化 您的uri:

fromrfc3986importnormalize_uriassert(normalize_uri('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth')=='http://example.com/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth')

您还可以非常简单地验证uri:

fromrfc3986importis_valid_uriassertis_valid_uri('hTTp://exAMPLe.COM/Some/reallY/biZZare/pAth')

fromrfc3986importis_valid_uriassertis_valid_uri('http://localhost:8774/v2/resource',require_scheme=True,require_authority=True,require_path=True)# Assert that a mailto URI is invalid if you require an authority# componentassertis_valid_uri('mailto:user@example.com',require_authority=True)isFalse

fromrfc3986importuri_referencehttp=uri_reference('http://localhost:8774/v2/resource')asserturi.is_valid(require_scheme=True,require_authority=True,require_path=True)# Assert that a mailto URI is invalid if you require an authority# componentmailto=uri_reference('mailto:user@example.com')asserturi.is_valid(require_authority=True)isFalse