在Python中访问SOAP XML响应中嵌套的child时出现问题

Question

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

s2 = """<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" 
        xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd">
    <s:Header>
        <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd">
            <u:Timestamp u:Id="_0">
                <u:Created>2020-11-19T19:01:30.066Z</u:Created>
                <u:Expires>2020-11-19T19:06:30.066Z</u:Expires>
            </u:Timestamp>
        </o:Security>
    </s:Header>
    <s:Body>
        <GetStatusOfTicketResponse xmlns="https://pl" 
        xmlns:a="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Webservice.Domain.Beans.Tickets"
         xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
            <a:Ticket>DodajKarty_101</a:Ticket>
            <a:InfoStatus>
                <Code>05300001</Code>
                <Message>Podany ticket nie istnieje w systemie</Message>
                <Status>ERROR</Status>
            </a:InfoStatus>
        </GetStatusOfTicketResponse>
    </s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
"""

tree = ET.fromstring(s2)
print(tree)
print("tag: ", tree.tag)
print('attrib: ', tree.attrib)


ns = {'a': "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Webservice.Domain.Beans.Tickets"}

print("Ticket: ", tree.find('.//{http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Webservice.Domain.Beans.Tickets}Ticket').text)
#Ticket:  DodajKarty_101 #Is accessible

但当我想访问此部分时：

        <a:Ticket>DodajKarty_101</a:Ticket>
            <a:InfoStatus>
                <Code>05300001</Code>
                <Message>Podany ticket nie istnieje w systemie</Message>
                <Status>ERROR</Status>
            </a:InfoStatus>
        </GetStatusOfTicketResponse>

print("InfoStatus: ", tree.find('.//{http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Webservice.Domain.Beans.Tickets}InfoStatus').text)
print("Message: ", tree.find('.//a:InfoStatus', ns).text)
print("InfoStatus: ", tree.find('.//InfoStatus').text)
print("Code: ", tree.find('.//InfoStatus/Code').text)

我被错误缠住了。我在dochttps://docs.python.org/3.4/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html中查找了一些示例，它们正在我的机器上工作。但是，当我试图将这些知识应用到我的XML中时，我开始提取“代码”、“消息”和“状态”

当我使用另一个包来解析XML（如xmltodict）时，我没有问题，但我的下一个目标是在XML中放置一个新的子对象来创建新的响应，因此我需要使用XML.etree来解决这个问题

traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".\addingChildsToXML.py", line 43, in <module>
    print("InfoStatus: ", tree.find('.//InfoStatus').text)
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'text'

Answer 1

有几种方法可以解决这个问题，这里有一种：

ticket = tree.xpath('//a:Ticket',namespaces=ns)[0]
print("Ticket: ", ticket.text)
status = ticket.xpath('//*[local-name()="InfoStatus"]//*')
for s, t in zip(["Code","Message","Status"],status):
    print(s,": ",t.text)

输出：

Ticket:  DodajKarty_101
Code :  05300001
Message :  Podany ticket nie istnieje w systemie
Status :  ERROR