在clojure中取消引用java方法

Question

如何在Clojure中参数化调用方法

例如：

(def url (java.net.URL. "http://www.google.com"))
(.getHost url) ;; works!
(def host '.getHost)
(host url) ;; Nope :(
(~host url) ;; Nope :(
(eval `(~host url)) ;; Works :s

Answer 1

正确的解决方案：

(def url (URL. "http://www.google.com"))
(def host 'getHost)
(defn dynamic-invoke
  [obj method arglist]
  (.invoke (.getDeclaredMethod
             (class obj) (name method) nil)
           obj (into-array arglist)))
(dynamic-invoke url host [])

Answer 2

如果只想为现有函数创建别名，只需要一个包装函数：

> (ns clj (:import [java.net URL]))
> (def url (URL. "http://www.google.com"))
> (defn host [arg] (.getHost arg))
> (host url)
;=> "www.google.com"

虽然你可以像另一个用户所指出的那样使用memfn，但发生的事情似乎不那么明显。事实上，即使是克罗朱尔。org建议现在不要这样做：

---

https://clojure.org/reference/java_interop

(memfn method-name arg-names)*

Macro. Expands into code that creates a fn that expects to be passed an object and any args and calls the named instance method on the object passing the args. Use when you want to treat a Java method as a first-class fn.

(map (memfn charAt i) ["fred" "ethel" "lucy"] [1 2 3])
-> (\r \h \y)

Note it almost always preferable to do this directly now, with syntax like:

(map #(.charAt %1 %2) ["fred" "ethel" "lucy"] [1 2 3])
-> (\r \h \y)

Answer 3

在Java类上参数化方法的常规方法是：

#(.method fixed-object %)

或者

#(.method % fixed argument)

或者如果对象或参数都不固定

#(.method %1 %2)

常用于高阶函数的线映射、滤波和归约

(map #(.getMoney %) customers)

Answer 4

使用memfn：

(def url (java.net.URL. "http://www.google.com"))
(def host (memfn getHost))
(host url)