java根据用户输入在PreparedStatement中使用setTime（）或setNull（）

Question

我正在JAVA应用程序和PostgreSQL数据库中进行筛选搜索

我有以下PostgreSQL查询用于选择航班数据：

String query =  "SELECT flight.flight_id, route.from_location, route.to_location, flight.base_cost, flight.departure_date, flight.departure_time, flight.arrival_date, flight.arrival_time, aircraft.manufacturer, aircraft.seats " +
                "FROM flight " +
                "INNER JOIN route ON flight.route_id = route.route_id " +
                "INNER JOIN aircraft ON flight.aircraft_id = aircraft.aircraft_id " +
                "WHERE " +
                "(from_location = CASE WHEN ? IS NULL THEN from_location ELSE ? END) AND " +
                "(to_location = CASE WHEN ? IS NULL THEN to_location ELSE ? END) AND " +
                "(base_cost = CASE WHEN ? IS NULL THEN base_cost ELSE ? END) AND " +
                "(departure_date = CASE WHEN ? IS NULL THEN departure_date ELSE ? END) AND " +
                "(departure_time = CASE WHEN ? IS NULL THEN departure_time ELSE ? END) AND " +
                "(arrival_date = CASE WHEN ? IS NULL THEN arrival_date ELSE ? END) AND " +
                "(arrival_time = CASE WHEN ? IS NULL THEN arrival_time ELSE ? END)";

然后我有一个如下的Java代码：

    ResultSet rs = null;
    PreparedStatement prepStatement = connection.prepareStatement(query);
    try {
                if (!showFromTxtField.getText().trim().isEmpty()) {
                    prepStatement.setString(1, showFromTxtField.getText());
                    prepStatement.setString(2, showFromTxtField.getText());
                } else {
                    prepStatement.setNull(1, java.sql.Types.VARCHAR );
                    prepStatement.setNull(2, java.sql.Types.VARCHAR );
                }
                if (!showToTxtField.getText().trim().isEmpty()) {
                    prepStatement.setString(3, showToTxtField.getText());
                    prepStatement.setString(4, showToTxtField.getText());
                } else {
                    prepStatement.setNull(3, java.sql.Types.VARCHAR );
                    prepStatement.setNull(4, java.sql.Types.VARCHAR );
                }
                if (!showCostTxtField.getText().trim().isEmpty()) {
                    prepStatement.setFloat(5, Float.parseFloat(showCostTxtField.getText()));
                    prepStatement.setFloat(6, Float.parseFloat(showCostTxtField.getText()));
                } else {
                    prepStatement.setNull(5, java.sql.Types.FLOAT );
                    prepStatement.setNull(6, java.sql.Types.FLOAT);
                }
                LocalDate depDate = showDepDateDatePicker.getValue();
                if (depDate != null) {
                    prepStatement.setDate(7, Date.valueOf(depDate));
                    prepStatement.setDate(8, Date.valueOf(depDate));
                } else {
                    prepStatement.setNull(7, java.sql.Types.DATE );
                    prepStatement.setNull(8, java.sql.Types.DATE);
                }
                if (!showDepTimeTxtField.getText().trim().isEmpty()) {
                    DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");
                    try {
                        Time timeValue = new Time(formatter.parse(showDepTimeTxtField.getText()).getTime());
                        prepStatement.setTime(9, timeValue);
                        prepStatement.setTime(10, timeValue);
                    } catch (ParseException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                } else {
                    prepStatement.setNull(9, java.sql.Types.TIME );
                    prepStatement.setNull(10, java.sql.Types.TIME );
                }
                LocalDate arrDate = showArrDatePicker.getValue();
                if (arrDate != null) {
                    prepStatement.setDate(11, Date.valueOf(arrDate));
                    prepStatement.setDate(12, Date.valueOf(arrDate));
                } else {
                    prepStatement.setNull(11, java.sql.Types.DATE );
                    prepStatement.setNull(12, java.sql.Types.DATE);
                }
                if (!showArrTimeTxtField.getText().trim().isEmpty()) {
                    DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");
                    try {
                        Time timeValue = new Time(formatter.parse(showArrTimeTxtField.getText()).getTime());
                        prepStatement.setTime(13, timeValue);
                        prepStatement.setTime(14, timeValue);
                    } catch (ParseException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                } else {
                    prepStatement.setNull(13, java.sql.Types.TIME );
                    prepStatement.setNull(14, java.sql.Types.TIME );
                }

                rs = prepStatement.executeQuery();
      } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

因此，关键是只返回那些符合文本字段标准的航班。若任何文本字段留空，则查询应返回该特定条件的所有航班，但使用其他非空条件进行过滤

我在参数$9处有一个错误。 当我将输入的String（例如“18:00:00”）转换成showDepTimeTxtField时，转换成java.sql.Time对象，我可以将该对象用作prepStatement方法setTime()的输入参数。我的查询应该只返回departure_time与输入文本字段的时间相同的航班（已满足其他条件）。如果文本字段为空且没有String输入，则我的查询应返回航班，并从我的数据库返回航班中的任何departure_time

我的问题是，当我运行代码时，会出现以下错误： org。postgresql。util。PSQLException:错误：无法确定参数$9的数据类型，当我用字符串填充departureTimeTxtField或将其保留为空时，我将获取该参数，因此参数departure_time应设置为NULL，并且我的查询应返回所有departure_time的航班

所以我假设我在setTime()方法参数timeValue和从String到java.sql.Time的转换方面有问题

如何进行适当的转换以消除该错误

编辑：更新SQL查询和Java源代码

Answer 1

我能够通过使用COALESCE()而不是CASE WHEN ...来解决这个问题：

String query = "SELECT * FROM flights WHERE departure_time = COALESCE(?, departure_time)";

Answer 2

生成错误的原因是SQL中的CASE语法无效（而不是时间格式），请查看CASE语法here

此外，从示例中可以看出，您似乎正在尝试获取起飞时间为null或文本字段中存在时间的所有航班，在这种情况下，我建议采用以下方法：

ResultSet rs = null;
PreparedStatement prepStatement = null;
if (!departureTimeTxtField.getText().trim().isEmpty()) {
    DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");
    Time timeValue = new Time(formatter.parse(departureTimeTxtField.getText()).getTime());
    prepStatement  = connection.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM flights WHERE departure_time = ?");
    prepStatement.setTime(1, timeValue);
}else{
    prepStatement  = connection.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM flights WHERE departure_time IS NULL");
}
rs = prepStatement.executeQuery();