使用JNA的Java Windows任务栏如何将窗口图标(HICON)转换为Java图像?
我正试图将一个应用程序切换器添加到一个更大的项目中。它需要在Windows XP/Vista/7/8上运行。我正在使用Java1.7。下面是我创建的一个示例应用程序,用于演示我遇到的一些问题。我对JNA很陌生
非常感谢this answer(以及其他许多人!)的《装满鳗鱼的气垫船》这构成了测试应用程序的基础
以下是我的问题:
图像绘制-我从窗口图标获得的图像以黑白绘制。我修改了McDowell从this answer开始的getImageForWindow中的代码(谢谢!)。有没有更好的方法将HICON对象转换为java。awt。形象我注意到com中有一个名为“fromNative”的方法。太阳jna。站台win32。W32API。但我不知道怎么用它
获取图标-我用来获取图标句柄GetClassLongW(hWnd,GCL_HICON)的调用不会从64位窗口返回图标。我想我需要GetClassLongPtr,但我似乎无法通过JNA访问它
根据Alt选项卡弹出窗口获取正确的窗口列表-我试图复制在this C++ answer中所做的操作,但我无法在Java中实现第二个(get祖先等)和第三个(状态系统不可见)检查。我使用了一个糟糕的替代方法,即排除标题为空的窗口(忽略一些合法窗口)
注意:运行此示例需要JNA和平台JAR:
package test;
import static test.WindowSwitcher.User32DLL.*;
import static test.WindowSwitcher.Gdi32DLL.*;
import com.sun.jna.Native;
import com.sun.jna.Pointer;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef.HWND;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Vector;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;
public class WindowSwitcher
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
JFrame JF = new JFrame();
JPanel JP = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));
JF.getContentPane().add(JP);
Vector<WindowInfo> V = getActiveWindows();
for (int i = 0; i < V.size(); i++)
{
final WindowInfo WI = V.elementAt(i);
JButton JB = new JButton(WI.title);
if(WI.image != null)
{
JB.setIcon(new ImageIcon(WI.image));
}
JB.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
SetForegroundWindow(WI.hWnd);
}
});
JP.add(JB);
}
JF.setSize(600,50+V.size()*64);
JF.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
JF.setAlwaysOnTop(true);
JF.setFocusableWindowState(false);
JF.setVisible(true);
}
public static Vector<WindowInfo> getActiveWindows()
{
final Vector<WindowInfo> V = new Vector();
EnumWindows(new WNDENUMPROC()
{
public boolean callback(Pointer hWndPointer, Pointer userData)
{
HWND hWnd = new HWND(hWndPointer);
// Make sure the window is visible
if(IsWindowVisible(hWndPointer))
{
int GWL_EXSTYLE = -20;
long WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW = 0x00000080L;
// Make sure this is not a tool window
if((GetWindowLongW(hWndPointer, GWL_EXSTYLE) & WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW) == 0)
{
// Get the title bar text for the window
char[] windowText = new char[512];
GetWindowTextW(hWnd, windowText, windowText.length);
String wText = Native.toString(windowText);
// Make sure the text is not null or blank
if(!(wText == null || wText.trim().equals("")))
{
// Get the icon image for the window (if available)
Image image = getImageForWindow(hWnd, wText);
// This window is a valid taskbar button, add a WindowInfo object to the return vector
V.add(new WindowInfo(wText, hWnd, image));
}
}
}
return true;
}
}, null);
return V;
}
public static Image getImageForWindow(HWND hWnd, String wText)
{
// Get an image from the icon for this window
int hicon = GetClassLongW(hWnd, GCL_HICON);
if(hicon == 0)
return null;
Pointer hIcon = new Pointer(hicon);
int width = 64;
int height = 64;
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
draw(image, hIcon, DI_NORMAL);
BufferedImage mask = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
draw(mask, hIcon, DI_MASK);
applyMask(image, mask);
return image;
}
public static void draw(BufferedImage image, Pointer hIcon, int diFlags)
{
int width = image.getWidth();
int height = image.getHeight();
Pointer hdc = CreateCompatibleDC(Pointer.NULL);
Pointer bitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, width, height);
SelectObject(hdc, bitmap);
DrawIconEx(hdc, 0, 0, hIcon, width, height, 0, Pointer.NULL, diFlags);
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < width; y++)
{
int rgb = GetPixel(hdc, x, y);
image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
}
}
DeleteObject(bitmap);
DeleteDC(hdc);
}
private static void applyMask(BufferedImage image,
BufferedImage mask)
{
int width = image.getWidth();
int height = image.getHeight();
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
{
int masked = mask.getRGB(x, y);
if ((masked & 0x00FFFFFF) == 0)
{
int rgb = image.getRGB(x, y);
rgb = 0xFF000000 | rgb;
image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
}
}
}
}
static class User32DLL
{
static
{
Native.register("user32");
}
public static native int GetWindowTextW(HWND hWnd, char[] lpString, int nMaxCount);
public static native boolean EnumWindows(WNDENUMPROC lpEnumFunc, Pointer arg);
public static interface WNDENUMPROC extends com.sun.jna.win32.StdCallLibrary.StdCallCallback
{
boolean callback(Pointer hWnd, Pointer arg);
}
public static native boolean IsWindowVisible(Pointer hWnd);
public static native boolean SetForegroundWindow(HWND hWnd);
public static native int GetWindowLongW(Pointer hWnd, int nIndex);
public static int GCL_HICON = -14;
public static int GCL_HICONSM = -34;
public static native int GetClassLongW(HWND hWnd, int nIndex);
/** @see #DrawIconEx(Pointer, int, int, Pointer, int, int, int, Pointer, int) */
public static final int DI_COMPAT = 4;
public static final int DI_DEFAULTSIZE = 8;
public static final int DI_IMAGE = 2;
public static final int DI_MASK = 1;
public static final int DI_NORMAL = 3;
public static final int DI_APPBANDING = 1;
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms648065(VS.85).aspx */
public static native boolean DrawIconEx(Pointer hdc, int xLeft,
int yTop, Pointer hIcon, int cxWidth, int cyWidth,
int istepIfAniCur, Pointer hbrFlickerFreeDraw,
int diFlags);
}
static class Gdi32DLL
{
static
{
Native.register("gdi32");
}
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd183489(VS.85).aspx */
public static native Pointer CreateCompatibleDC(Pointer hdc);
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd183488(VS.85).aspx */
public static native Pointer CreateCompatibleBitmap(Pointer hdc, int nWidth, int nHeight);
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd162957(VS.85).aspx */
public static native Pointer SelectObject(Pointer hdc, Pointer hgdiobj);
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd145078(VS.85).aspx */
public static native int SetPixel(Pointer hdc, int X, int Y, int crColor);
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd144909(VS.85).aspx */
public static native int GetPixel(Pointer hdc, int nXPos, int nYPos);
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd183539(VS.85).aspx */
public static native boolean DeleteObject(Pointer hObject);
/** http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd183533(VS.85).aspx */
public static native boolean DeleteDC(Pointer hdc);
}
}
class WindowInfo
{
String title;
HWND hWnd;
Image image;
public WindowInfo(String title, HWND hWnd, Image image)
{
this.title = title;
this.hWnd = hWnd;
this.image = image;
}
}
# 1 楼答案
我找到了一个适合我的工作。这比我第一次尝试要简单得多!我现在使用sun获取图标。awt。壳ShellFolder,不幸的是,它是一个未记录/不受支持的类,可能会在将来的Java版本中删除。还有另一种方法可以使用FileSystemView获取图标,但返回的图标对于我来说太小(在下面的示例中注释掉了它-getImageForWindowIcon方法)
此解决方案基于this SO answer by aleroot。我获取进程文件路径(用于打开窗口的exe文件,与其他窗口详细信息一起存储在WindowInfo对象中),然后使用ShellFolder获取与该文件关联的图标注意:这并不总是给出正确的图标(例如,用于运行Netbeans进程的文件是java.exe,因此您得到的是java图标,而不是Netbeans图标!)。但在大多数情况下,它工作得很好
解决问题1&;但如果有人有更好的解决方案,请告诉我。我在第三个问题上没有取得任何进展,但是我现在要做的是窗口列表
这是我的更新代码。。。 注意:运行此示例需要JNA和平台JAR:
# 2 楼答案
丑陋的方法