带有SpringMVC的JavaJUnit在POST上总是返回400
我正在用后端和前端开发我的第一个Spring Boot应用程序。现在,我正在为后端的控制器编写单元测试,以测试控制器响应代码。 控制器的测试类如下所示:
@WebMvcTest(controllers = HorseEndpoint.class)
@ActiveProfiles({"test", "datagen"})
public class HorseEndpointTest {
@MockBean //the dependencies the controller class needs
private HorseService horseService;
@MockBean
private HorseMapper horseMapper;
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
ObjectMapper objectMapper;
Horse horseA = new Horse(-50L, "Pferd 1", null, new Date(0), Gender.MALE, null, null, null);
@Test
@DisplayName("Adding a valid horse should return the horse")
public void addingHorse_valid_shouldReturnHorse() throws Exception {
Mockito.when(horseService.addHorse(horseA)).thenReturn(horseA);
mockMvc.perform(post("/horses")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(horseMapper.entityToDto(horseA)))
.characterEncoding("utf-8"))
.andExpect(status().is(201))
.andExpect(content().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.length()").value(1))
.andDo(print());
}
}
POST的控制器类中的代码如下所示:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/horses")
public class HorseEndpoint {
@PostMapping(value = "")
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.CREATED)
public HorseDto addHorse(@RequestBody HorseDto horseDto) {
Horse horse = horseMapper.dtoToEntity(horseDto);
try {
horse = horseService.addHorse(horse);
} catch (ValidationException v) {
throw new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "The horse data provided is invalid: " + v.getMessage(), v);
}
return horseMapper.entityToDto(horse);
}
}
问题是,只要我运行测试,输出文件就会显示以下错误:
Tests run: 2, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 3.046 s <<< FAILURE! - in endpoint.HorseEndpointTest
addingHorse_valid_shouldReturnHorse Time elapsed: 0.124 s <<< FAILURE!
java.lang.AssertionError: Response status expected:<201> but was:<400>
请注意,从前端调用POST方法不会出现任何问题。类型为ValidationException
的异常仅在服务层抛出,但我用Mockito重写了函数addHorse()。when(),所以验证永远不会发生,对吗?
因此,我猜测它无法从测试类中的Dto创建有效的JSON来传递给控制器。我已经看过其他相关的SO问题,但似乎没有一个解决方案有效。
注意:我已经检查了Test类和Dto类的日期类型是否一致
我真的很感激任何帮助
# 1 楼答案
您的控制器不知道您在测试中创建的模拟
horseService
。您必须以某种方式注入控制器您可以看到一些关于如何在https://thepracticaldeveloper.com/guide-spring-boot-controller-tests/#mockitoextension-and-mockmvc上执行此操作的示例