通用抽象类的java自定义反序列化

Question

我在尝试反序列化以下类时遇到问题：

public class MetricValuesDto {

    private Map<MetricType, MetricValueDto<?>> metricValues;

    public MetricValuesDto() {
    }

    public MetricValuesDto(Map<MetricType, MetricValueDto<?>> metricValues) {
        this.metricValues = metricValues;
    }

    public Map<MetricType, MetricValueDto<?>> getMetricValues() {
        return metricValues;
    }

    public void setMetricValues(Map<MetricType, MetricValueDto<?>> metricValues) {
        this.metricValues = metricValues;
    }
}

我的通用抽象类：

public abstract class MetricValueDto<T> {

    private T value;
    private MetricTrend trend;

    public MetricValueDto(T value, MetricTrend trend) {
        this.value = value;
        this.trend = trend;
    }

    public T getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public void setValue(T value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    public MetricTrend getTrend() {
        return trend;
    }

    public void setTrend(MetricTrend trend) {
        this.trend = trend;
    }
}

我有两个具体的类来实现MetricValueDto：

IntMetricValueDto：

public class IntMetricValueDto extends MetricValueDto<Integer> {

    public IntMetricValueDto(Integer value, MetricTrend trend) {
        super(value, trend);
    }
}

FloatMetricValueDto：

public class FloatMetricValueDto extends MetricValueDto<Float> {

    public FloatMetricValueDto(Float value, MetricTrend trend) {
        super(value, trend);
    }
}

你知道什么是反序列化MetricValueDto的正确策略吗？这样我就可以通过ObjectMapper或RestTemplate解析它了？每当我跑步时：

restTemplate.exchange("myEndpoint", HttpMethod.GET, entity, DataCollectionEventDto.class);

我明白了

Caused by: com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: Can not construct instance of com.resson.dto.MetricValueDto: abstract types either need to be mapped to concrete types, have custom deserializer, or contain additional type information

DataCollectionEventTo：

public class DataCollectionEventDto {

    private List<MapLayerDto> mapLayers;

    @JsonUnwrapped
    private MetricValuesDto metricValues;

    public List<MapLayerDto> getMapLayers() {
        return mapLayers;
    }

    public void setMapLayers(List<MapLayerDto> mapLayers) {
        this.mapLayers = mapLayers;
    }

    public MetricValuesDto getMetricValues() {
        return metricValues;
    }

    public void setMetricValues(MetricValuesDto metricValues) {
        this.metricValues = metricValues;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(this);
    }
}

我基本上尝试过网络上的所有东西，但都没能成功；任何建议都会有帮助

Answer 1

而JsonTypeInfo可以工作，并在响应中添加了特定于实现的细节，这可能会给API客户机带来混乱

我最终实现了一个自定义StdDeserializer：

public class MetricValueDtoDeserializer<T> extends StdDeserializer<MetricValueDto<T>> {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public MetricValueDtoDeserializer() {
        this(null);
    }

    public MetricValueDtoDeserializer(Class<?> vc) {
        super(vc);
    }

    private ObjectMapper mapper;

    @Override
    public MetricValueDto<T> deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext context)
            throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
        String metricType = jsonParser.getCurrentName();
        mapper = (ObjectMapper) jsonParser.getCodec();
        ObjectNode objectNode = (ObjectNode) mapper.readTree(jsonParser);
        Iterator<Entry<String, JsonNode>> elementsIterator = objectNode.fields();
        Number number = null;
        while (elementsIterator.hasNext()) {
            Entry<String, JsonNode> element = elementsIterator.next();
            String key = element.getKey();
            if (key.equals("value")) {
                number = parseValue(element, metricType);
            }
            if (key.equals("trend")) {
                MetricTrend metricTrend = parseTrend(element);
                return (produceMetricValueDto(number, metricTrend));
            }
        }
        throw new IOException();
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private MetricValueDto<T> produceMetricValueDto(Number number, MetricTrend metricTrend) throws IOException {
        if (number instanceof Integer) {
            return (MetricValueDto<T>) new IntMetricValueDto((Integer) number, metricTrend);
        } else if (number instanceof Float) {
            return (MetricValueDto<T>) new FloatMetricValueDto((Float) number, metricTrend);
        }
        throw new IOException();
    }

    private MetricTrend parseTrend(Entry<String, JsonNode> element)
            throws JsonProcessingException {
        String trend = mapper.treeToValue(element.getValue(), String.class);
        if (trend == null) {
            return null;
        } else {
            return MetricTrend.valueOf(trend);
        }
    }

    private Number parseValue(Entry<String, JsonNode> element, String metricType)
            throws IOException {
        if (metricType.equals(MetricType.CANOPY_COVERAGE.toValue())
                || metricType.equals(MetricType.PLANT_SIZE.toValue())) {
            return mapper.treeToValue(element.getValue(), Float.class);
        } else if (metricType.equals(MetricType.INSECT_COUNT.toValue())
                || metricType.equals(MetricType.PLANT_COUNT.toValue())) {
            return mapper.treeToValue(element.getValue(), Integer.class);
        }
        throw new IOException();
    }
}

代码最终比JsonTypeInfo更复杂，但API客户端不知道具体实现的细节

Answer 2

使用JsonSubTypes注释和JsonTypeInfo来指示子类型。属性JsonTypeInfo用于区分不同的子类

@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.PROPERTY, property = "typ")
@JsonSubTypes({
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = IntMetricValueDto.class, name = "INT"),
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = FloatMetricValueDto.class, name = "FLT")}
public abstract class MetricValueDto<T> {

    private T value;
    private MetricTrend trend;
    ...
}