Java中的while loop同时返回祝贺和抱歉消息

Question

我已经搜索了几个小时，不知道我做错了什么。这是我用Java编写的第三个程序，我在一项作业中迷失了方向。我必须修改代码，让用户输入颜色，然后一遍又一遍地询问，直到他们猜到“红色”或者猜不到为止。他们试了4次。我必须给他们反馈“你在x次尝试中猜对了”或“你尝试的次数用完了。要获得全部积分，我最多需要使用一个循环和一个条件。原始代码使用一段时间来比较颜色，并在不计算的情况下给出无限的猜测

这就是我到目前为止所拥有的，它确实可以编译。然而，如果第一次回答不对，它会给我祝贺和抱歉的信息。我如何在不使用另一个循环的情况下修复它

/*************************************************************************
 *  Compilation:  javac JavaLa2.java
 *  Execution:    java JavaLab3
 *  Mary Ross
 *  Date: April 12, 2011
 *
 *  % java JavaLab3
 * This program will ask the user for a color. It will ask until they guess “red” OR they have run out of guesses. 
 * They have four guesses.
 * Example:
 * What is your name? Jordan
 * What color do you guess? White
 * let’s try again: What color do you guess? red
 * “Congratulations! You guessed the correct color in 2 tries.”
 * 
 * NOTE: I have put a lot of comments to guide you in the code.
 *************************************************************************/

import java.io.*;

public class JavaLab3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
      // first we define our input streams.
      InputStreamReader input = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
      BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(input);   

      String sName ;
      String sColor;
      Integer numGuesses = 0;
      // we catch exceptions if some are thrown.
      try {
            System.out.println("what is your name?");
            sName = reader.readLine();  

            // then we will ask for the color
            System.out.println("What color do you guess?");
            sColor = reader.readLine();
            numGuesses = numGuesses +1;
            // at this point we have primed the condition for the while loop

            while (sColor.compareToIgnoreCase("red") != 0 && numGuesses < 4)  { 


                   System.out.println("You have guessed " + numGuesses + " times. You get four guesses.");
                   System.out.println("Let’s try again: What color do you guess?");
                   sColor = reader.readLine();
                   numGuesses = numGuesses + 1;

            System.out.println("Sorry, "  + sName + " you have exceeded your alloted guesses. The color is red.");


            }
           System.out.println("Congratulations! " + sName + " You correctly guessed Red in " + numGuesses + " tries.");
      } catch (IOException e){
            System.out.println("Error reading from user");
       }

    }

}

用正确答案运行：

> what is your name?
 Mary
What color do you guess?
 red
Congratulations! Mary You correctly guessed Red in 1 tries.   

用1个错误答案和正确答案运行：

what is your name?
 Mary
What color do you guess?
 white
You have guessed 1 times. You get four guesses.
Let’s try again: What color do you guess?
 red
Sorry, Mary you have exceeded your alloted guesses. The color is red.
Congratulations! Mary You correctly guessed Red in 2 tries.

Answer 1

嘿，你怎么知道你的循环退出是因为颜色是红色还是因为尝试已用尽。。。你需要把支票放进去。你的系统失效了

系统。出来println（“对不起，+sName+”你已经超出了你的猜测范围。颜色是红色。”）

需要退出while循环，并在while循环检查尝试是否用尽后立即处于if状态

Answer 2

您应该执行以下操作：

        System.out.println("What color do you guess?");
        boolean isCorrectGuess = false; 
        if(sColor.compareToIgnoreCase("red") == 0) {
            isCorrectGuess  = true;
        }
        sColor = reader.readLine();
        numGuesses = numGuesses +1;
        // at this point we have primed the condition for the while loop

        while (!isCorrectGuess && numGuesses < 4)  { 


               System.out.println("You have guessed " + numGuesses + " times. You get four guesses.");
               System.out.println("Let’s try again: What color do you guess?");
               sColor = reader.readLine();
               numGuesses = numGuesses + 1;
               if(sColor.compareToIgnoreCase("red") == 0) {
                  isCorrectGuess  = true;
               }
        }
        if(!isCorrectGuess)
            System.out.println("Sorry, "  + sName + " you have exceeded your alloted guesses. The color is red.");
        else
             System.out.println("Congratulations! " + sName + " You correctly guessed Red in " + numGuesses + " tries.")
        }

Answer 3

简单回答：当人们第一次猜错并且能够再次猜到时，即使人们此时猜对了，“对不起”输出消息仍然在这个while循环中。这意味着在第二次尝试中，人们猜对了，代码将执行“抱歉”打印，并结束while循环以执行“恭喜”输出