macos如何从Java运行与自制或MacPorts一起安装的工具？

Question

• 我正在尝试用Java在MacOS上实现自动化
• 从终端手动运行命令时没有问题
• 我想这是因为<user.home>/.zprofile
• 试图通过ProcessBuilder执行命令时，找不到这些命令

如何在与手动运行zsh终端相同的环境中执行命令

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class Test {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    // these commands work
    run("/bin/sh", "-c", "echo $PATH");
    run("/bin/bash", "-c", "echo $PATH");
    run("/bin/zsh", "-c", "echo $PATH");

    // these commands all work when I run them manually in a terminal
    // but fail here with "zsh:1: command not found: ..."
    run("/bin/zsh", "-c", "node -v");
    run("/bin/zsh", "-c", "npm -v");
  }

  private static void run(String... command) throws Exception {
    ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder();
    processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true);
    processBuilder.command(command);
    Process process = processBuilder.start();
    try(BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()))) {
      for(String line = br.readLine(); line != null; line = br.readLine()) {
        System.out.println(line);
      }
    }
    System.out.println("return value: " + process.waitFor());
  }
}

输出：

/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
return value: 0
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
return value: 0
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
return value: 0
zsh:1: command not found: node
return value: 127
zsh:1: command not found: npm
return value: 127

Answer 1

在读了太多关于贝壳的文章，研究了shell init diagrams之后，我决定选择Zsh

原因是this blog post，这表明Zsh似乎至少有一个init文件，对所有可能的shell变体执行（登录、非登录、交互、非交互等）

我将所有环境设置（路径和语言）移到了/etc/zshenv，删除了/etc/zprofile和所有~/.z*文件

我还changed the shell for both root and my user到Zsh（for the user this can also be done via system preferences）：

  dscl . -delete /Users/root UserShell && dscl . -create /Users/root UserShell /bin/zsh && dscl . -read /Users/root UserShell
  dscl . -delete /Users/reto UserShell && dscl . -create /Users/reto UserShell /bin/zsh && dscl . -read /Users/reto UserShell

现在我得到了同样的环境：

• SSH作为根
• SSH作为用户
• 终点站。应用程序
• 从Java开始的进程
• 到目前为止，其他几乎都是这样

到目前为止还不错。测试程序输出：

/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
return value: 0
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
return value: 0
/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
return value: 0
v14.17.0
return value: 0
6.14.13
return value: 0