java Selenium Webdriver:预期条件失败：等待IAP Google处于无头模式的元素的可见性
我试图在应用程序上使用headless模式，这与IAP google有一步之遥。当无头模式关闭时，它运行无误。当无头模式开启时，selenium无法定位元件
我不知道如何解决这个问题。我尝试了很多chromedriver的配置，但仍然有相同的错误
public class Hooks {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
public static WebDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() {
String chromeDriverPath = "C:\\Selenium\\Drivers\\chromedriver.exe";
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", chromeDriverPath);
options.addArguments("--headless", "--disable-gpu", "--window-size=1920,1080");
//options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
}
尝试查找元素时出错：
org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed: waiting for visibility of element located by By.xpath: //button[text() = 'Esqueceu seu e-mail?'] (tried for 5 second(s) with 500 milliseconds interval)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.timeoutException(WebDriverWait.java:95)
查找元素的步骤：
public BaseClass(WebDriver driver) {
BaseClass.driver = driver;
wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 5);
}
public void waitVisibility(By elementBy) {
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(elementBy));
}
public void isDisplayed(By elementBy) {
waitVisibility(elementBy);
driver.findElement(elementBy).isDisplayed();
}
public void checkElement() {
isDisplayed(headerLoginGooglePage);
}
完整的错误堆栈跟踪
Starting ChromeDriver 2.43.600210 (68dcf5eebde37173d4027fa8635e332711d2874a) on port 39113
Only local connections are allowed.
dez 12, 2019 4:25:32 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFORMAÇÕES: Detected dialect: OSS
Dado que o usuário acesse a url do sistema SMAPP Parts and Maintenance # LoginSteps.queOUsuarioAcesseUrlSistemaSMAPP()
Entao exibe tela padrão de login por conta Google # LoginSteps.exibeTelaPadraoLoginContaGoogle()
org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed: waiting for visibility of element located by By.xpath: //button[text() = 'Esqueceu seu e-mail?'] (tried for 5 second(s) with 500 milliseconds interval)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.timeoutException(WebDriverWait.java:95)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:272)
at pageobjects.BaseClass.waitVisibility(BaseClass.java:21)
at pageobjects.BaseClass.isDisplayed(BaseClass.java:51)
at pageobjects.MaintenanceTimeLinePages.visualizarElementoTelaGoogle(MaintenanceTimeLinePages.java:109)
at step_definitions.LoginSteps.exibeTelaPadraoLoginContaGoogle(LoginSteps.java:34)
at ✽.exibe tela padrão de login por conta Google(src/test/resources/features/Login.feature:7)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"xpath","selector":"//button[text() = 'Esqueceu seu e-mail?']"}
(Session info: chrome=78.0.3904.108)
(Driver info: chromedriver=2.43.600210 (68dcf5eebde37173d4027fa8635e332711d2874a),platform=Windows NT 10.0.17763 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 0 milliseconds
For documentation on this error, please visit: https://www.seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'DESKTOP-AJU29UT', ip: '192.168.12.226', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_221'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, acceptSslCerts: false, applicationCacheEnabled: false, browserConnectionEnabled: false, browserName: chrome, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 2.43.600210 (68dcf5eebde371..., userDataDir: C:\Users\ZUPPER\AppData\Loc...}, cssSelectorsEnabled: true, databaseEnabled: false, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:51880}, handlesAlerts: true, hasTouchScreen: false, javascriptEnabled: true, locationContextEnabled: true, mobileEmulationEnabled: false, nativeEvents: true, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: XP, platformName: XP, rotatable: false, setWindowRect: true, takesHeapSnapshot: true, takesScreenshot: true, unexpectedAlertBehaviour: , unhandledPromptBehavior: , version: 78.0.3904.108, webStorageEnabled: true}
Session ID: b148fc1021de85032649ce461e775ab2
*** Element info: {Using=xpath, value=//button[text() = 'Esqueceu seu e-mail?']}
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:214)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:166)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.JsonHttpResponseCodec.reconstructValue(JsonHttpResponseCodec.java:40)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.AbstractHttpResponseCodec.decode(AbstractHttpResponseCodec.java:80)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.AbstractHttpResponseCodec.decode(AbstractHttpResponseCodec.java:44)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:323)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByXPath(RemoteWebDriver.java:428)
at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByXPath.findElement(By.java:353)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:315)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions$7.apply(ExpectedConditions.java:205)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions$7.apply(ExpectedConditions.java:201)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:249)
at pageobjects.BaseClass.waitVisibility(BaseClass.java:21)
at pageobjects.BaseClass.isDisplayed(BaseClass.java:51)
at pageobjects.MaintenanceTimeLinePages.visualizarElementoTelaGoogle(MaintenanceTimeLinePages.java:109)
at step_definitions.LoginSteps.exibeTelaPadraoLoginContaGoogle(LoginSteps.java:34)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at cucumber.runtime.Utils$1.call(Utils.java:32)
at cucumber.runtime.Timeout.timeout(Timeout.java:16)
at cucumber.runtime.Utils.invoke(Utils.java:26)
at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaStepDefinition.execute(JavaStepDefinition.java:37)
at cucumber.runtime.StepDefinitionMatch.runStep(StepDefinitionMatch.java:40)
at cucumber.api.TestStep.executeStep(TestStep.java:102)
at cucumber.api.TestStep.run(TestStep.java:83)
at cucumber.api.TestCase.run(TestCase.java:58)
at cucumber.runner.Runner.runPickle(Runner.java:80)
at cucumber.runtime.junit.PickleRunners$NoStepDescriptions.run(PickleRunners.java:140)
at cucumber.runtime.junit.FeatureRunner.runChild(FeatureRunner.java:68)
at cucumber.runtime.junit.FeatureRunner.runChild(FeatureRunner.java:23)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at cucumber.runtime.junit.FeatureRunner.run(FeatureRunner.java:73)
at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.runChild(Cucumber.java:117)
at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.runChild(Cucumber.java:55)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber$1.evaluate(Cucumber.java:126)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
# 1 楼答案
此错误消息
。。。这意味着ChromeDriver无法与浏览上下文进行通信，即Chrome浏览器会话
您的主要问题是所使用的二进制文件版本之间的不兼容，如下所示：
因此，Selenium客户机v3之间存在明显的不匹配。141.59铬驱动v2。43和Chrome浏览器v78。0
解决方案
确保：
@TesttearDown(){}方法中调用driver.quit()以关闭&；优雅地销毁WebDriver和Web客户端实例