组合两个字典并在python中删除重复项

Question

嗨，我有两本不同的字典。我正试图通过删除副本来合并这两个。这是两张单子。

x = [{'relevance': 0.722, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Dell'}, {'relevance': 0.314, 'type': 'OperatingSystem', 'name': 'VMs'}, {'relevance': 0.122, 'type': 'Technology', 'name': 'iSCSI'}, {'relevance': 0.266, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Force10'}, {'relevance': 0.327, 'type': 'Person', 'name': 'Greg Althaus'}, {'relevance': 0.085, 'type': 'URL', 'name': 'http://Dell.com/OpenStack'}, {'relevance': 0.174, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Storage Hardware'}]
y = [{'relevance': u'0.874065', 'type': u'Company', 'name': u'Dell'}, {'relevance': u'0.522169', 'type': u'OperatingSystem', 'name': u'VMs'}, {'relevance': u'0.444586', 'type': u'Person', 'name': u'Rob Hirschfeld'}, {'relevance': u'0.413988', 'type': u'Person', 'name': u'Greg Althaus'}, {'relevance': u'0.376489', 'type': u'FieldTerminology', 'name': u'iSCSI'}, {'relevance': u'0.314059', 'type': u'Company', 'name': u'Force10'}]

我试过了

z = x.update(y)
print x

它给了我这个错误

AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'update'`

我试过了

z = dict(x.items() + y.items())

它给了我这个错误

AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

然后我试着

z = dict(x, **y)

它给了我这个错误

TypeError: type object argument after ** must be a mapping, not str

然后我试着

z = dict(chain(x.iteritems(), y.iteritems()))

它给了我这个错误

AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'iteritems'

Answer 1

如果您希望创建一个新的字典列表，并希望通过删除重复项来合并它们，这将是一项简单的工作。

def DictListUpdate( lis1, lis2):
    for aLis1 in lis1:
        if aLis1 not in lis2:
            lis2.append(aLis1)
    return lis2

x = [ {"name": "surya", "company":"dell"}, \
       {"name": "jobs", "company":"apple"} ]

y = [ { "name": "surya", "company":"dell"}, \
    { "name": "gates", "company": "microsoft"} ]

print DictListUpdate(x,y)

输出：

>>> 
[{'company': 'dell', 'name': 'surya'}, {'company': 'microsoft', 'name': 'gates'}, {'company': 'apple', 'name': 'jobs'}]

Answer 2

给出了初始错误，因为您已将字典定义为字典列表的字符串。这背后有什么具体的原因吗？

作为一根弦，这样做将相当困难。

试试这个：

x = [{'relevance': 0.722, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Dell'}, {'relevance': 0.314, 'type': 'OperatingSystem', 'name': 'VMs'}, {'relevance': 0.122, 'type': 'Technology', 'name': 'iSCSI'}, {'relevance': 0.266, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Force10'}, {'relevance': 0.327, 'type': 'Person', 'name': 'Greg Althaus'}, {'relevance': 0.085, 'type': 'URL', 'name': 'http://Dell.com/OpenStack'}, {'relevance': 0.174, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Storage Hardware'}]
y = [{'relevance': u'0.874065', 'type': u'Company', 'name': u'Dell'}, {'relevance': u'0.522169', 'type': u'OperatingSystem', 'name': u'VMs'}, {'relevance': u'0.444586', 'type': u'Person', 'name': u'Rob Hirschfeld'}, {'relevance': u'0.413988', 'type': u'Person', 'name': u'Greg Althaus'}, {'relevance': u'0.376489', 'type': u'FieldTerminology', 'name': u'iSCSI'}, {'relevance': u'0.314059', 'type': u'Company', 'name': u'Force10'}]

z = {}
for dic in x+y:
   z.update(dic)

print dic

Answer 3

您可以将字符串中的列表转换为由名称键控的dicts，然后更新：

import ast

x = "[{'relevance': 0.722, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Dell'}, {'relevance': 0.314, 'type': 'OperatingSystem', 'name': 'VMs'}, {'relevance': 0.122, 'type': 'Technology', 'name': 'iSCSI'}, {'relevance': 0.266, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Force10'}, {'relevance': 0.327, 'type': 'Person', 'name': 'Greg Althaus'}, {'relevance': 0.085, 'type': 'URL', 'name': 'http://Dell.com/OpenStack'}, {'relevance': 0.174, 'type': 'Company', 'name': 'Storage Hardware'}]"
y = "[{'relevance': u'0.874065', 'type': u'Company', 'name': u'Dell'}, {'relevance': u'0.522169', 'type': u'OperatingSystem', 'name': u'VMs'}, {'relevance': u'0.444586', 'type': u'Person', 'name': u'Rob Hirschfeld'}, {'relevance': u'0.413988', 'type': u'Person', 'name': u'Greg Althaus'}, {'relevance': u'0.376489', 'type': u'FieldTerminology', 'name': u'iSCSI'}, {'relevance': u'0.314059', 'type': u'Company', 'name': u'Force10'}]"

        # make a dictionary with the names as keys
x, y = (dict((d['name'], d) 
            # after loading the lists out of the strings safely
            for d in ast.literal_eval(lst)) 
                  # for each of the two strings
                  for lst in (x, y))
# or on Python 2.7+:
x, y = ({d['name']: d for d in ast.literal_eval(lst)} for lst in (x, y))
# combine the two dicts
x.update(y)

那么，如果你想要一份清单

x.values()

你提到你的标题排序。如果要按名称对该列表排序：

import operator
sorted(x.itervalues(), key = operator.itemgetter('name'))