在Python中如何从字符串中过滤出数据

Question

我有一个程序，它通过PowerShell运行WMI查询，获取输出并将其存储在字符串中，然后打印它。当我运行它时，我得到了这一团文本。我可以找出我想要的值（名称、传感器类型和值）。但里面还有很多垃圾。你知道吗

b'\r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Memory\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 40.99033\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #2\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 62\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Used Space\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 92.39651\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #1\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 62\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU DRAM\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 1.471058\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #2\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 55.46875\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Package\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 12.19472\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Bus Speed\r\nSensorType : Clock\r\nValue : 100.0001\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Total\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 51.5625\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Package\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 62\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #2\r\nSensorType : Clock\r\nValue : 3100.004\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Temperature\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 34\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Used Memory\r\nSensorType : Data\r\nValue : 3.240162\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Available Memory\r\nSensorType : Data\r\nValue : 4.664536\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #1\r\nSensorType : Clock\r\nValue : 3100.004\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Cores\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 7.794704\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Graphics\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 2.226472\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #1\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 47.65625\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n'

这是PowerShell脚本

function NSV(){
$computer = "LocalHost"
$namespace = "root\OpenHardwareMonitor"
$property1 = "Name"
$property2 = "SensorType"
$property3 = "Value"
Get-WmiObject -class Sensor -computername $computer -namespace $namespace -Property $property1,$property2,$property3
}

这是Python脚本

import subprocess
p = subprocess.Popen(["C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe", ". \"./TestScript\";", "&NSV"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
(output, err) = p.communicate()
print (output)

我是一个新的东西，所以任何帮助将不胜感激！：）

Answer 1

您可以将二进制文本放入字符串中，在换行处拆分，并筛选以指定内容开头的文本：

import subprocess
p = subprocess.Popen(["C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe", ". \"./TestScript\";", "&NSV"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
(output, err) = p.communicate()
data = str(output) 

# data =str(b'\r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Memory\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 40.99033\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #2\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 62\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Used Space\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 92.39651\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #1\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 62\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU DRAM\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 1.471058\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #2\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 55.46875\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Package\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 12.19472\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Bus Speed\r\nSensorType : Clock\r\nValue : 100.0001\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Total\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 51.5625\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Package\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 62\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #2\r\nSensorType : Clock\r\nValue : 3100.004\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Temperature\r\nSensorType : Temperature\r\nValue : 34\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Used Memory\r\nSensorType : Data\r\nValue : 3.240162\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : Available Memory\r\nSensorType : Data\r\nValue : 4.664536\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #1\r\nSensorType : Clock\r\nValue : 3100.004\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Cores\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 7.794704\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Graphics\r\nSensorType : Power\r\nValue : 2.226472\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n__GENUS : 2\r\n__CLASS : Sensor\r\n__SUPERCLASS : \r\n__DYNASTY : \r\n__RELPATH : \r\n__PROPERTY_COUNT : 3\r\n__DERIVATION : {}\r\n__SERVER : \r\n__NAMESPACE : \r\n__PATH : \r\nName : CPU Core #1\r\nSensorType : Load\r\nValue : 47.65625\r\nPSComputerName : \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n')

whatIwant = ["Name","SensorType","Value"]
d = [ q for q in data.split("\r\n") if any(q.startswith(k) for k in whatIwant)]
# put every len(whatIwant ) items into one sublist
step = len(whatIwant)
dd = [d[i:i+step] for i in range(0,len(d),step)]
for k in dd:
    print(k)

输出：

['Name : Memory', 'SensorType : Load', 'Value : 40.99033']
['Name : CPU Core #2', 'SensorType : Temperature', 'Value : 62']
['Name : Used Space', 'SensorType : Load', 'Value : 92.39651']
['Name : CPU Core #1', 'SensorType : Temperature', 'Value : 62']
['Name : CPU DRAM', 'SensorType : Power', 'Value : 1.471058']
['Name : CPU Core #2', 'SensorType : Load', 'Value : 55.46875']
['Name : CPU Package', 'SensorType : Power', 'Value : 12.19472']
['Name : Bus Speed', 'SensorType : Clock', 'Value : 100.0001']
['Name : CPU Total', 'SensorType : Load', 'Value : 51.5625']
['Name : CPU Package', 'SensorType : Temperature', 'Value : 62']
['Name : CPU Core #2', 'SensorType : Clock', 'Value : 3100.004']
['Name : Temperature', 'SensorType : Temperature', 'Value : 34']
['Name : Used Memory', 'SensorType : Data', 'Value : 3.240162']
['Name : Available Memory', 'SensorType : Data', 'Value : 4.664536']
['Name : CPU Core #1', 'SensorType : Clock', 'Value : 3100.004']
['Name : CPU Cores', 'SensorType : Power', 'Value : 7.794704']
['Name : CPU Graphics', 'SensorType : Power', 'Value : 2.226472']
['Name : CPU Core #1', 'SensorType : Load', 'Value : 47.65625']

Answer 2

你可以试试regex，比如：

import re

for match in re.finditer('SensorType', str(yourstring)):
    print("%s: %s" % (match.start(), match.group()))

这里是文档：https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html