如何使用contourf（）制作动画？

Question

我正试图使一些时间相关数据的空间坐标的wigner函数具有动画效果。wigner函数是二维的，所以我使用courtoff（）来绘制它。我把数据存储在HDF5文件中，可以动态地制作Wigner发行版，但我不知道如何制作动画。我找到的所有动画教程和示例（例如this one和this one）都是严格针对线图的。具体来说，他们的animate(i)函数使用line.set_data()，我似乎找不到contourf()的等价物。

如何设置用contourf()生成的图像的动画？

什么是contourf()等价于set_data()？

Answer 1

我正在绘制地理数据，因此需要底图。 基于队长的回答和关于https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/6139的讨论/错误报告 我发布了一个受tacaswell启发的响应，它允许您在二维数据动画中使用courtoff，如果您有ffmpeg，则将其保存为mp4：

from matplotlib import animation
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap


fig, ax = plt.subplots()

# set up map projection
m = Basemap(projection='nsper',lon_0=-0,lat_0=90)
m.drawcoastlines()
m.drawparallels(np.arange(0.,180.,30.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(0.,360.,60.))

# some 2D geo arrays to plot (time,lat,lon)
data = np.random.random_sample((20,90,360))
lat = np.arange(len(data[0,:,0]))
lon = np.arange(len(data[0,0,:]))
lons,lats = np.meshgrid(lon,lat)

# ims is a list of lists, each row is a list of artists to draw in the
# current frame; here we are animating three artists, the contour and 2 
# annotatons (title), in each frame
ims = []
for i in range(len(data[:,0,0])):
    im = m.contourf(lons,lats,data[i,:,:],latlon=True)
    add_arts = im.collections
    text = 'title={0!r}'.format(i)
    te = ax.text(90, 90, text)
    an = ax.annotate(text, xy=(0.45, 1.05), xycoords='axes fraction')
    ims.append(add_arts + [te,an])

ani = animation.ArtistAnimation(fig, ims)
## If you have ffmpeg you can save the animation by uncommenting 
## the following 2 lines
# FFwriter = animation.FFMpegWriter()
# ani.save('basic_animation.mp4', writer = FFwriter)
plt.show()

Answer 2

使用FuncAnimation有一个简单的方法： 必须具有清除轴并基于帧号绘制新轮廓的函数。别忘了把blit设为False。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation

DATA = np.random.randn(800).reshape(10,10,8)


fig,ax = plt.subplots()

def animate(i):
       ax.clear()
       ax.contourf(DATA[:,:,i])
       ax.set_title('%03d'%(i)) 

interval = 2#in seconds     
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig,animate,5,interval=interval*1e+3,blit=False)

plt.show()

Answer 3

下面是我用来制作二维等高线图的动画，它改编自http://matplotlib.org/examples/animation/dynamic_image2.html

import pylab as pl
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import types


fig = pl.figure()
# Some 2D arrays to plot (time,x,y)
data = np.random.random_sample((20,10,10))

# ims is a list of lists, each row is a list of artists to draw in the
# current frame; here we are just animating one artist, the image, in
# each frame
ims = []
for i in range(len(data[:,0,0])):
    t_step = int(i)
    im = pl.contourf(data[i,:,:])

    #################################################################
    ## Bug fix for Quad Contour set not having attribute 'set_visible'
    def setvisible(self,vis):
        for c in self.collections: c.set_visible(vis)
    im.set_visible = types.MethodType(setvisible,im)
    im.axes = pl.gca()
    im.figure=fig
    ####################################################################

    ims.append([im])

ani = animation.ArtistAnimation(fig, ims, interval=70, blit=False,repeat_delay=1000)

pl.show()