如何防止用户输入两个相同的数字

Question

所以我在我的业余时间工作我的彩票代码，我遇到了一个小问题。你知道吗

我想防止用户输入两个相同的数字在他们的彩票抽奖号码，即我不希望用户选择数字1两次。你知道吗

其他的都很好。你知道吗

这是我的全部代码：

import random
lotteryNumbers = []



print("Welcome to your new Lotto service")


lotterydrawfile = open("lotterydrawfile.txt","w")
for i in range (6):
    number = random.randint(1,60)
    lotterydrawfile.write(str(number) + " ")


lotterydrawfile.close()


userentryfile = open("userentryfile.txt","w")
for i in range (6):
    number = input("Enter a number between 0 and 60. Numbers must not be in word format")
    for i in range (1000):
        if number < "0" or number > "60":
            print("Your number needs to be between 0 and 60")
            number = input("Enter a number between 0 and 60")

    print(str(number))
    userentryfile.write(str(number) + " ")
userentryfile.close()


userlottonumbers = open("userentryfile.txt").read()

usernumber = []
number_string = ""
for i in userlottonumbers:
    number_string = number_string + str(i)

    if str(i) == " ":
        usernumber.append(number_string)
        number_string = ""
print("Your numbers are " + str(usernumber))


lotterydraw = open("lotterydrawfile.txt").read()
number_string1 = ""
lottodraw = []
for j in lotterydraw:
    number_string1 = number_string1 + str(j)

    if str(j) == " ":
        lottodraw.append(number_string1)
        number_string1 = ""

print("The lotto draw was " + str(lottodraw))

same = 0
for i in usernumber:

    for j in lottodraw:

        if i == j:
            same =same + 1

prize = same * 100

if same == 6:
    prize = 10000000
print("You won £" + str(prize))

我想做的改进就是从这里开始：

    userentryfile = open("userentryfile.txt","w")
for i in range (6):
    number = input("Enter a number between 0 and 60. Numbers must not be in word format")
    for i in range (1000):
if number < "0" or number > "60":
        print("Your number needs to be between 0 and 60")
        number = input("Enter a number between 0 and 60")

但在下面，我希望用户停止输入两个相同的数字。你知道吗

提前谢谢。你知道吗

Answer 1

python中有一种称为set的数据类型。放在一个集合中的任何东西都必须是唯一的。一个集合中的每件事物一次只能有一件。下面的代码还应该捕获大多数（如果不是所有）可能会在将来给您带来问题的边缘情况。它确保用户输入的是一个数字，介于0和60之间，以前没有被选取过，并且将从用户那里得到6个数字。你知道吗

def get_user_numbers(number_of_guesses):

    # a set can only have one element with the any given value
    users_numbers = set()

    # used to keep the while loop going until you have all the information you want.
    got_all_numbers = False
    while not got_all_numbers:

        # tries to get input from the user. The except statement will be hit if the
        # user gives you something other than a whole number.
        try:
            current_number = int(raw_input("Enter a number between 0 and 60"))
        except ValueError:
            print 'Please enter a number'

        # Checks to make sure the number is in the range you want it to be.
        if current_number < 0 or current_number > 60:
            print 'Please pick a number between 0 and 60.'
        # Checks to see if the number has already been used.
        elif current_number in users_numbers:
            print 'Please pick a number that you have not already used'
        # if everything else if correct it will add the users number to the set.
        else:
            users_numbers.add(current_number)
        # Checks to make sure the set still has less than 6 numbers in it. If it
        # does then the while loop will keep going until there are 6 guesses
        if len(users_numbers) == number_of_guesses:
            got_all_numbers = True
        elif len(users_numbers) > number_of_guesses:
            # There is a big problem... The user managed to give you more guesses
            # than you are asking for! The program should exit or you should start
            #  over with blank guesses
            raise ValueError
        # If you wanted to you could print out all of the users guesses here so they
        # can see what they have already tried

    return users_numbers


print get_user_numbers(6)

要在程序中使用此函数，只需将函数调用放在文件的顶部，然后在已经编写的代码中使用函数调用。下面是代码的示例：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import random


def get_user_numbers(number_of_guesses):
    users_numbers = list()
    got_all_numbers = False
    while not got_all_numbers:
        try:
            current_number = int(raw_input("Enter a number between 0 and 60:  "))
        except ValueError:
            print 'Please enter a number'
        else:
            if current_number < 0 or current_number > 60:
                print 'Please pick a number between 0 and 60.'
            elif current_number in users_numbers:
                print 'Please pick a number that you have not already used'
            else:
                users_numbers.append(current_number)
            if len(users_numbers) == number_of_guesses:
                got_all_numbers = True
            elif len(users_numbers) > number_of_guesses:
                raise ValueError
    user_numbers_string = ' '.join(str(guess) for guess in users_numbers)
    return user_numbers_string


lotteryNumbers = []

print("Welcome to your new Lotto service")

lotterydrawfile = open("lotterydrawfile.txt", "w")
for i in range(6):
    number = random.randint(1, 60)
    lotterydrawfile.write(str(number) + " ")

lotterydrawfile.close()

# Here is where you call the function that is at the top of the file 
userlottonumbers = get_user_numbers(6)

usernumber = []
number_string = ""
for i in userlottonumbers:
    number_string = number_string + str(i)

    if str(i) == " ":
        usernumber.append(number_string)
        number_string = ""
print("Your numbers are " + str(usernumber))

lotterydraw = open("lotterydrawfile.txt").read()
number_string1 = ""
lottodraw = []
for j in lotterydraw:
    number_string1 = number_string1 + str(j)

    if str(j) == " ":
        lottodraw.append(number_string1)
        number_string1 = ""

print("The lotto draw was " + str(lottodraw))

same = 0
for i in usernumber:

    for j in lottodraw:

        if i == j:
            same = same + 1

prize = same * 100

if same == 6:
    prize = 10000000
print("You won £" + str(prize))

Answer 2

我认为你真的需要一个while循环，并在选择数字时存储它们，如下所示：

    numbers = []
    while len(numbers) < 6:
    number = input("Enter a number between 0 and 60. Numbers must not be in word format")
    if not number.isdigit():
      print("Your number is not in number format")
    elif float(number) < 0 or float(number) > 60:
      print("Your number needs to be between 0 and 60")
    elif number in numbers:
      print("You already picked that number")
    else:
      numbers.append(number)

这是在这里测试的：https://repl.it/NJWE/2

Answer 3

将用户输入的数字保留在列表中，并测试最近的输入是否已在该列表中：

numbers = []

if number not in numbers:
    numbers.append(number)
else:
    # "each number must be unique..."