我想洗牌这些变量，然后结合在另一个函数中打印图像到屏幕上

2024-10-02 10:30:11 发布

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我遵循这个教程，我自己的代码是不同的，但我想它会更容易为您，如果我显示原来的代码，因为这是在英语。所以原始代码使用7种颜色和5种形状，我也有7种颜色和5种形状，但是我把它们作为图片，虽然原始代码自己画了形状，然后给它着色。我用形状或颜色名称创建变量，例如SQUARE=“SQUARE”RED=“RED”。所以那些大写的变量等于带有颜色或形状名称的字符串。你知道吗

问题是当我运行游戏时，什么都没有发生，窗口也没有响应。你知道吗

def getRandomizedBoard():
    # Get a list of every possible shape in every possible color.
    icons = []
    for c in (PUNANE, ROHELINE, SININE, MUST, KOLLANE, CYAN, LILLA):
        for s in (NURK, VIISNURK, RING, RUUT, SYDA):
            icons.append( (s, c) )

    # To decide how many icons to use, shuffle the list and then truncate it.
    random.shuffle(icons)
    numIconsUsed = int(COLS * ROWS / 2)
    icons = icons[:numIconsUsed] * 2 # going to need pairs of icons

    # Create the board data structure.
    board = []
    for x in range(COLS):
        columns = []
        for y in range(ROWS):
            randomIndex = random.randint(0, len(icons) - 1)
            columns.append(icons[randomIndex])
            del icons[randomIndex]
        board.append(columns)
    return board

函数绘制的形状，我改变了blit的图像。你知道吗

def drawShape(shape, color, boxx, boxy):
    left, top = leftTopOfBox(boxx, boxy)
    if shape == NURK:
        ekraan.blit(color+NURK+".png")
    elif shape == VIISNURK:
        ekraan.blit(color+VIISNURK+".png")
    elif shape == RING:
        ekraan.blit(color+RING+".png")
    elif shape == RUUT:
        ekraan.blit(color+RUUT+".png")
    elif shape == SYDA:
        ekraan.blit(color+SYDA+".png")

原稿如下：

# Memory
# http://inventwithpython.com
# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com

import random
import time
import pygame
import sys
from pygame.locals import *

FPS = 30
WINDOWWIDTH = 640
WINDOWHEIGHT = 480
REVEALSPEED = 8
COLS = 10
ROWS = 6
BOXSIZE = 40
GAPSIZE = 10

DARKGRAY = (60, 60, 60)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
ORANGE = (255, 128, 0)
PURPLE = (255, 0, 255)
CYAN = (0, 255, 255)

BGCOLOR = DARKGRAY
BOXCOLOR = WHITE

DONUT = 1
SQUARE = 2
DIAMOND = 3
LINES = 4
OVAL = 5

def main():
    global MAINCLOCK, MAINSURF
    pygame.init()
    MAINCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
    MAINSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))

    mousex = 0
    mousey = 0
    pygame.display.set_caption('Memory')

    mainBoard = getRandomizedBoard()
    revealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)

    firstStep = True
    firstSelection = None

    MAINSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
    startGameAnimation(mainBoard)

    # Main game loop:
    while True:
        clicked = False

        # Draw the board.
        MAINSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
        drawBoard(mainBoard, revealedBoxes)

        # Handle any events.
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == QUIT or (event.type == KEYUP and event.key == K_ESCAPE):
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            if event.type == MOUSEMOTION:
                mousex, mousey = event.pos
            if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                mousex, mousey = event.pos
                clicked = True


        boxx, boxy = isOverBox(mousex, mousey)
        if boxx != None and boxy != None:
            # The mouse is over a box.

            highlightBox(boxx, boxy)

            if clicked and not revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy]:
                revealBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, [(boxx, boxy)], REVEALSPEED)
                #unrevealBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, [(boxx, boxy)], REVEALSPEED)
                revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy] = True

                if firstStep:
                    firstSelection = (boxx, boxy)
                    firstStep = False
                else:
                    # Check if there is a match.
                    shape1, color1 = getShapeAndColor(mainBoard, firstSelection[0], firstSelection[1])
                    shape2, color2 = getShapeAndColor(mainBoard, boxx, boxy)

                    if shape1 != shape2 or color1 != color2:
                        # Icons don't match. Unreveal both selections.
                        time.sleep(1)
                        unrevealBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, [(firstSelection[0], firstSelection[1]), (boxx, boxy)], REVEALSPEED)
                        revealedBoxes[firstSelection[0]][firstSelection[1]] = False
                        revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy] = False
                    elif hasWon(revealedBoxes):
                        gameWonAnimation(mainBoard)
                        time.sleep(2)

                        # Reset the board
                        mainBoard = getRandomizedBoard()
                        revealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)

                        # Show the fully unrevealed board for a second.
                        drawBoard(mainBoard, revealedBoxes)
                        pygame.display.update()
                        time.sleep(1)

                        # Replay the start game animation.
                        startGameAnimation(mainBoard)
                    firstStep = True

        # Redraw the screen and wait a clock tick.
        pygame.display.update()
        MAINCLOCK.tick(FPS)

def generateRevealedBoxesData(val):
    dataStruct = []
    for c in range(COLS):
        dataStruct.append([val] * ROWS)
    return dataStruct


def splitIntoGroupsOf(groupSize, theList):
    result = []
    for i in range(0, len(theList), groupSize):
        result.append(theList[i:i+groupSize])
    return result


def startGameAnimation(board):
    fakeRevealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)
    boxes = []
    for x in range(COLS):
        for y in range(ROWS):
            boxes.append( (x, y) )
    random.shuffle(boxes)

    groups = splitIntoGroupsOf(8, boxes)

    for g in groups:
        drawBoard(board, fakeRevealedBoxes)
        revealBoxesAnimation(board, g, REVEALSPEED)
        unrevealBoxesAnimation(board, g, REVEALSPEED)


def gameWonAnimation(board):
    global BGCOLOR, BOXCOLOR
    fakeRevealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(True)

    for i in range(14):
        BGCOLOR, BOXCOLOR = BOXCOLOR, BGCOLOR

        MAINSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
        drawBoard(board, fakeRevealedBoxes)
        pygame.display.update()
        time.sleep(0.3)


def hasWon(revealed):
    for i in revealed:
        if False in i:
            return False
    return True


def getShapeAndColor(board, boxx, boxy):
    return board[boxx][boxy][0], board[boxx][boxy][1]


def revealBoxesAnimation(board, boxes, speed):
    # Do the "box reveal" animation.
    for i in range(BOXSIZE, -speed - 1, -speed):
        for b in boxes:
            drawBoxCover(board, b, i)
        pygame.display.update()
        MAINCLOCK.tick(FPS)


def unrevealBoxesAnimation(board, boxes, speed):
    # Do the "box cover" animation.
    for i in range(0, BOXSIZE, speed):
        for b in boxes:
            drawBoxCover(board, b, i)
        pygame.display.update()
        MAINCLOCK.tick(FPS)

def drawBoxCover(board, b, coverage):
    """Both the revealBoxesAnimation() and unrevealBoxesAnimation() do the exact same thing inside their nested for loops, so instead of copying and pasting that code twice, we just put the code in its own function and call that function twice. Getting rid of duplicated code this way is often a good idea, because if we want to change the code later (say, if we find a bug in it), then we only have to change it in one place instead of multiple places. It also makes our program shorter and easier to read."""
    left, top = leftTopOfBox(b[0], b[1])
    pygame.draw.rect(MAINSURF, BGCOLOR, (left, top, BOXSIZE, BOXSIZE))
    shape, color = getShapeAndColor(board, b[0], b[1])
    drawShape(shape, color, b[0], b[1])
    if coverage > 0:
        pygame.draw.rect(MAINSURF, BOXCOLOR, (left, top, coverage, BOXSIZE))

def getRandomizedBoard():

# Memory
# http://inventwithpython.com
# By Al Sweigart al@inventwithpython.com

import random
import time
import pygame
import sys
from pygame.locals import *

FPS = 30
WINDOWWIDTH = 640
WINDOWHEIGHT = 480
REVEALSPEED = 8
COLS = 10
ROWS = 6
BOXSIZE = 40
GAPSIZE = 10

DARKGRAY = (60, 60, 60)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
ORANGE = (255, 128, 0)
PURPLE = (255, 0, 255)
CYAN = (0, 255, 255)

BGCOLOR = DARKGRAY
BOXCOLOR = WHITE

DONUT = 1
SQUARE = 2
DIAMOND = 3
LINES = 4
OVAL = 5

def main():
    global MAINCLOCK, MAINSURF
    pygame.init()
    MAINCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
    MAINSURF = pygame.display.set_mode((WINDOWWIDTH, WINDOWHEIGHT))

    mousex = 0
    mousey = 0
    pygame.display.set_caption('Memory')

    mainBoard = getRandomizedBoard()
    revealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)

    firstStep = True
    firstSelection = None

    MAINSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
    startGameAnimation(mainBoard)

    # Main game loop:
    while True:
        clicked = False

        # Draw the board.
        MAINSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
        drawBoard(mainBoard, revealedBoxes)

        # Handle any events.
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == QUIT or (event.type == KEYUP and event.key == K_ESCAPE):
                pygame.quit()
                sys.exit()
            if event.type == MOUSEMOTION:
                mousex, mousey = event.pos
            if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
                mousex, mousey = event.pos
                clicked = True


        boxx, boxy = isOverBox(mousex, mousey)
        if boxx != None and boxy != None:
            # The mouse is over a box.

            highlightBox(boxx, boxy)

            if clicked and not revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy]:
                revealBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, [(boxx, boxy)], REVEALSPEED)
                #unrevealBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, [(boxx, boxy)], REVEALSPEED)
                revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy] = True

                if firstStep:
                    firstSelection = (boxx, boxy)
                    firstStep = False
                else:
                    # Check if there is a match.
                    shape1, color1 = getShapeAndColor(mainBoard, firstSelection[0], firstSelection[1])
                    shape2, color2 = getShapeAndColor(mainBoard, boxx, boxy)

                    if shape1 != shape2 or color1 != color2:
                        # Icons don't match. Unreveal both selections.
                        time.sleep(1)
                        unrevealBoxesAnimation(mainBoard, [(firstSelection[0], firstSelection[1]), (boxx, boxy)], REVEALSPEED)
                        revealedBoxes[firstSelection[0]][firstSelection[1]] = False
                        revealedBoxes[boxx][boxy] = False
                    elif hasWon(revealedBoxes):
                        gameWonAnimation(mainBoard)
                        time.sleep(2)

                        # Reset the board
                        mainBoard = getRandomizedBoard()
                        revealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)

                        # Show the fully unrevealed board for a second.
                        drawBoard(mainBoard, revealedBoxes)
                        pygame.display.update()
                        time.sleep(1)

                        # Replay the start game animation.
                        startGameAnimation(mainBoard)
                    firstStep = True

        # Redraw the screen and wait a clock tick.
        pygame.display.update()
        MAINCLOCK.tick(FPS)

def generateRevealedBoxesData(val):
    dataStruct = []
    for c in range(COLS):
        dataStruct.append([val] * ROWS)
    return dataStruct


def splitIntoGroupsOf(groupSize, theList):
    result = []
    for i in range(0, len(theList), groupSize):
        result.append(theList[i:i+groupSize])
    return result


def startGameAnimation(board):
    fakeRevealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(False)
    boxes = []
    for x in range(COLS):
        for y in range(ROWS):
            boxes.append( (x, y) )
    random.shuffle(boxes)

    groups = splitIntoGroupsOf(8, boxes)

    for g in groups:
        drawBoard(board, fakeRevealedBoxes)
        revealBoxesAnimation(board, g, REVEALSPEED)
        unrevealBoxesAnimation(board, g, REVEALSPEED)


def gameWonAnimation(board):
    global BGCOLOR, BOXCOLOR
    fakeRevealedBoxes = generateRevealedBoxesData(True)

    for i in range(14):
        BGCOLOR, BOXCOLOR = BOXCOLOR, BGCOLOR

        MAINSURF.fill(BGCOLOR)
        drawBoard(board, fakeRevealedBoxes)
        pygame.display.update()
        time.sleep(0.3)


def hasWon(revealed):
    for i in revealed:
        if False in i:
            return False
    return True


def getShapeAndColor(board, boxx, boxy):
    return board[boxx][boxy][0], board[boxx][boxy][1]


def revealBoxesAnimation(board, boxes, speed):
    # Do the "box reveal" animation.
    for i in range(BOXSIZE, -speed - 1, -speed):
        for b in boxes:
            drawBoxCover(board, b, i)
        pygame.display.update()
        MAINCLOCK.tick(FPS)


def unrevealBoxesAnimation(board, boxes, speed):
    # Do the "box cover" animation.
    for i in range(0, BOXSIZE, speed):
        for b in boxes:
            drawBoxCover(board, b, i)
        pygame.display.update()
        MAINCLOCK.tick(FPS)

def drawBoxCover(board, b, coverage):
    """Both the revealBoxesAnimation() and unrevealBoxesAnimation() do the exact same thing inside their nested for loops, so instead of copying and pasting that code twice, we just put the code in its own function and call that function twice. Getting rid of duplicated code this way is often a good idea, because if we want to change the code later (say, if we find a bug in it), then we only have to change it in one place instead of multiple places. It also makes our program shorter and easier to read."""
    left, top = leftTopOfBox(b[0], b[1])
    pygame.draw.rect(MAINSURF, BGCOLOR, (left, top, BOXSIZE, BOXSIZE))
    shape, color = getShapeAndColor(board, b[0], b[1])
    drawShape(shape, color, b[0], b[1])
    if coverage > 0:
        pygame.draw.rect(MAINSURF, BOXCOLOR, (left, top, coverage, BOXSIZE))

def getRandomizedBoard():
    # Get a list of every possible shape in every possible color.
    icons = []
    for c in (RED, GREEN, BLUE, YELLOW, ORANGE, PURPLE, CYAN):
        for s in (DONUT, SQUARE, DIAMOND, LINES, OVAL):
            icons.append( (s, c) )

    # To decide how many icons to use, shuffle the list and then truncate it.
    random.shuffle(icons)
    numIconsUsed = int(COLS * ROWS / 2)
    icons = icons[:numIconsUsed] * 2 # going to need pairs of icons

    # Create the board data structure.
    board = []
    for x in range(COLS):
        columns = []
        for y in range(ROWS):
            randomIndex = random.randint(0, len(icons) - 1)
            columns.append(icons[randomIndex])
            del icons[randomIndex]
        board.append(columns)
    return board


def leftTopOfBox(boxx, boxy):
    # See how big the margins are for each side.
    xmargin = int((WINDOWWIDTH - (COLS * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE))) / 2)
    ymargin = int((WINDOWHEIGHT - (ROWS * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE))) / 2)
    left = boxx * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE) + xmargin
    top = boxy * (BOXSIZE + GAPSIZE) + ymargin
    return (left, top)


def drawBoard(board, revealed):
    for boxx in range(COLS):
        for boxy in range(ROWS):
            left, top = leftTopOfBox(boxx, boxy)
            if not revealed[boxx][boxy]:
                # Draw a covered box.
                pygame.draw.rect(MAINSURF, BOXCOLOR, (left, top, BOXSIZE, BOXSIZE))
            else:
                # Draw the icon.
                shape, color = getShapeAndColor(board, boxx, boxy)
                drawShape(shape, color, boxx, boxy)


def isOverBox(x, y):
    for boxx in range(COLS):
        for boxy in range(ROWS):
            left, top = leftTopOfBox(boxx, boxy)
            boxRect = pygame.Rect(left, top, BOXSIZE, BOXSIZE)
            if boxRect.collidepoint(x, y):
                return (boxx, boxy)
    return (None, None)


def highlightBox(boxx, boxy):
    left, top = leftTopOfBox(boxx, boxy)
    pygame.draw.rect(MAINSURF, BLUE, (left - 5, top - 5, BOXSIZE + 10, BOXSIZE + 10), 4)


def drawShape(shape, color, boxx, boxy):
    quarter = int(BOXSIZE * 0.25)
    half = int(BOXSIZE * 0.5)

    left, top = leftTopOfBox(boxx, boxy)
    if shape == DONUT:
        pygame.draw.circle(MAINSURF, color, (left + half, top + half), half - 5)
        pygame.draw.circle(MAINSURF, BGCOLOR, (left + half, top + half), quarter - 5)
    elif shape == SQUARE:
        pygame.draw.rect(MAINSURF, color, (left + 10, top + 10, BOXSIZE - 20, BOXSIZE - 20))
    elif shape == DIAMOND:
        pygame.draw.polygon(MAINSURF, color, ((left + half, top), (left + BOXSIZE, top + half), (left + half, top + BOXSIZE), (left, top + half)))
    elif shape == LINES:
        for i in range(0, BOXSIZE, 4):
            pygame.draw.line(MAINSURF, color, (left, top + i), (left + i, top))
            pygame.draw.line(MAINSURF, color, (left + i, top + BOXSIZE), (left + BOXSIZE, top + i))
    elif shape == OVAL:
        pygame.draw.ellipse(MAINSURF, color, (left, top + quarter, BOXSIZE, half))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Tags： theinboardforiftopdefrange
1条回答
网友
1楼 · 发布于 2024-10-02 10:30:11

我相信问题可能是你没有正确加载图像。你只是blit文件名的名称，而它很可能是你想给blit一个pygame打开的图像。以下是您将如何做到这一点：

而不是

ekraan.blit(color+NURK+".png")

也许这会管用

ekraan.blit(pygame.image.load(color+NURK+".png").convert_alpha())          #I am assuming your shapes have transparent regions but if this is not the case you do not need the convert_alpha part, just convert() should be fine

这可能就是问题所在。如果您经常使用这些形状，另一种解决方案是使用sprite和renderupdates组，但只有在使用sprite对象的许多特性时，这才是真正可行的。你知道吗

另一个更可能的问题是我没有看到你更新屏幕。在屏幕上画完东西后，打电话：

pygame.display.update()

您还可以为特定的矩形显示一个可选参数来更新屏幕，因为这有助于通过使程序只更新屏幕的必要区域来加快程序的速度。但是，如果不指定任何参数，也可以使用

pygame.display.flip()

它只做完全相同的事情它不接受参数，而另一个有可选参数。你知道吗

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