如何让浏览器缓存静态文件？

Question

最近，我用过网页.py创建我的应用程序，发现我的静态文件在每个请求中都被传输。在

以下是我的日志：

10.18.40.100:49458 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:45] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49459 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:45] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap-responsive.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49460 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:45] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49461 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:45] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/bootstrap.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49461 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:45] "HTTP/1.1 GET /img/mini.png" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49460 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:45] "HTTP/1.1 GET /img/test_mini.png" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49460 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:45] "HTTP/1.1 GET /favicon.ico" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49460 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:52] "HTTP/1.1 GET /compeval" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49460 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:52] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49458 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:52] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/bootstrap.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49459 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:52] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49461 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:52] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap-responsive.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49459 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:53] "HTTP/1.1 GET /img/mini.png" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49459 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:53] "HTTP/1.1 GET /img/glyphicons-halflings.png" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49459 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:53] "HTTP/1.1 GET /favicon.ico" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49459 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:58] "HTTP/1.1 GET /viewcompqlab" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49459 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:58] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49461 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:58] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap-responsive.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49460 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:58] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/bootstrap.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49458 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:58] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49458 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:58] "HTTP/1.1 GET /img/mini.png" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49458 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:03:58] "HTTP/1.1 GET /favicon.ico" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49517 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:05] "HTTP/1.1 GET /compeval" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49517 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:05] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49519 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:06] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49518 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:06] "HTTP/1.1 GET /css/bootstrap-responsive.css" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49520 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:06] "HTTP/1.1 GET /js/bootstrap.js" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49520 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:06] "HTTP/1.1 GET /img/baidu_mini.png" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49518 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:06] "HTTP/1.1 GET /img/glyphicons-halflings.png" - 200 OK
10.18.40.100:49518 - - [19/Jun/2014 17:07:06] "HTTP/1.1 GET /favicon.ico" - 200 OK

显然，.png、.ico、.css和.js文件在我的服务器中是静态和全局有效的。所以，我的问题是： 如何避免这种情况，让浏览器缓存这些静态文件，除非按Ctrl+F5？在

附录，如何在中提供静态文件网页.py，在我的索引.py将代码归档如下：

^{pr2}$

然后在我的模板html文件中使用以下静态文件服务器：

<link href="css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen">
<link href="css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/bootstrap.js"></script>    

Answer 1

静态文件不应通过web.py提供。相反，您应该配置您的web服务器，以便在请求到适当的url时提供它们-一个常见的设置是提供一个static目录，所有静态文件都驻留在这个目录中。在

有关如何配置静态文件服务的详细信息将根据您的Web服务器（apache、lighttpd…）和接口技术（fastCGI、mod_ghGi…）而有所不同。您可以在the cookbook的部署部分找到常见配置