如何计算完成蛇梯游戏所需的平均掷骰数？

Question

编写代码来模拟一个玩家的游戏，并计算完成游戏所需的掷骰子次数。用户应该被允许指定模拟游戏的数量，代码应该计算出每个游戏掷骰子的平均数量。在

#Snakes and Ladders simulation

import random #importing the random function to be able to use it later on

counterposition = 0 #setting counterposition and diceroll to 0
currentDiceroll = 0

def diceroll (): #when user rolls the 1-6 dice this does it randomly
    return random.randint (1,6)
userInput = int(input("How many games would you like to play snakes and ladders?"))

for i in range (userInput):
    currentDiceroll = diceroll()
    print("The currentDiceroll is", currentDiceroll)

    if counterposition == 1:                    #all the if statements show what happens if the one player lands on a snake or a ladder
        counterposition = counterposition + 37
    if counterposition == 4:
        counterposition = counterposition + 10
    if counterposition == 9:
        counterposition = counterposition + 22
    if counterposition == 21:
        counterposition = counterposition + 21
    if counterposition == 28:
        counterposition = counterposition + 56
    if counterposition == 51:
        counterposition = counterposition + 16
    if counterposition == 72:
        counterposition = counterposition + 19
    if counterposition == 80:
        counterposition = counterposition + 19
    if counterposition == 17:
        counterposition = counterposition - 10
    if counterposition == 54:
        counterposition = counterposition - 20
    if counterposition == 63:
        counterposition = counterposition - 4
    if counterposition == 64:
        counterposition = counterposition - 4
    if counterposition == 87:
        counterposition = counterposition - 51
    if counterposition == 92:
        counterposition = counterposition - 19
    if counterposition == 95:
        counterposition = counterposition - 20
    if counterposition == 98:
        counterposition = counterposition - 19
    if counterposition >= 100:
        print ("Congratulations end of game")

    counterposition = counterposition + currentDiceroll
    print("the counter position is", counterposition) 

Answer 1

这不是您明确要求的，但是您的代码与所有这些if语句有点重复。你可以做的一件事是把移动的概念化为按模滚给定的量移动，然后是一个“bump”，大多数方块是0，梯子开始的方块是正数，蛇顶部的方块是负数。字典是bumps的自然数据结构，只显式地存储负的和正的bump。dictionary方法get()可用于返回bump（如果最后一个方块是字典中的一个键）或返回默认的0（如果不是的话）。那么单个游戏模拟可以是：

bump = {1:37, 4:10, 9:22, 21:21, 28:56, 51:16, 72:19, 80:19, 17:-10, 54: -20, 63: -4, 64: -4, 87: -51, 92: -19, 95:-20, 98: -19}

def simulateGame():
    pos = 0
    count = 0
    while pos < 100:
        roll = random.randint(1,6)
        pos += roll + bump.get(pos,0)
        count += 1
    return count

预计转鼓数量可通过以下公式估算：

^{pr2}$

上面的一些内容可能涉及到您还没有看到的东西，但是当您发现自己在编写几乎完全相同的代码时，您应该尽可能简化它。重复代码不是Python式的。在

如果您还没有研究过字典，但是已经研究过列表，那么您可以使bump一个包含101个项目的数组，初始化为：bump = [0]*101（101个零），然后进行一系列赋值，如bump[1] = 37，bump[4] = 10，等等，然后替换该行：

pos += roll + bump.get(pos,0)

更简单的说法是：

pos += roll + bump[0]

实际上是说“在当前位置加上滚动加上产生的凹凸”

代码

^{pr2}$

在sum函数内部使用生成器表达式。如果你还不熟悉这些，你可以在一个显式的循环中添加它们，就像A.Sokol的优秀答案一样

Answer 2

你写的代码只掷骰子一次。你必须继续努力直到你赢了比赛。最好创建一个函数，该函数只玩一次游戏，并返回所需的掷骰子数。在

def playGame():
    counterPosition = 0
    numberOfRolls = 0
    while (counterPosition < 100):
        numberOfRolls += 1
        currentDiceroll = diceroll()
        print("The currentDiceroll is", currentDiceroll)
        counterPosition += currentDiceroll
        # your if statements go here
    return numberOfRolls

然后您可以任意调用这个函数。在

^{pr2}$