安装Python 3.6.1的brew:[SSL:CERTIFICATE\u VERIFY\u FAILED]CERTIFICATE VERIFY FAILED

Question

我使用

brew install python3

试图从https下载一个six.moves.urllib.request.urlretrieve文件，但它抛出了错误

ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)

在Python安装（from.pkg）中，自述文件指示需要在安装后运行Install Certificates.command

1. 安装certifi
2. 将证书路径符号链接到certify路径

能够使用证书。

但是，在brew安装中，此文件不存在，并且似乎未运行。

Answer 1

我的Mac OS X解决方案：

1）使用从Python语言官方网站https://www.python.org/downloads/下载的本地应用程序Python安装程序升级到Python 3.6.5

我发现这个安装程序要比自制程序更好地更新新Python的链接和符号链接。

2）使用“./Install Certificates.command”安装一个新证书，该文件位于刷新的Python 3.6目录中

cd "/Applications/Python 3.6/" sudo "./Install Certificates.command"

Answer 2

出于某种原因，Brew似乎没有运行Python3 bundle for Mac中的Install Certificates.command。解决此问题的方法是在brew install python3之后运行以下脚本（从Install Certificates.command复制）：

# install_certifi.py
#
# sample script to install or update a set of default Root Certificates
# for the ssl module.  Uses the certificates provided by the certifi package:
#       https://pypi.python.org/pypi/certifi

import os
import os.path
import ssl
import stat
import subprocess
import sys

STAT_0o775 = ( stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR
             | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IWGRP | stat.S_IXGRP
             | stat.S_IROTH |                stat.S_IXOTH )


def main():
    openssl_dir, openssl_cafile = os.path.split(
        ssl.get_default_verify_paths().openssl_cafile)

    print(" -- pip install --upgrade certifi")
    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable,
        "-E", "-s", "-m", "pip", "install", "--upgrade", "certifi"])

    import certifi

    # change working directory to the default SSL directory
    os.chdir(openssl_dir)
    relpath_to_certifi_cafile = os.path.relpath(certifi.where())
    print(" -- removing any existing file or link")
    try:
        os.remove(openssl_cafile)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass
    print(" -- creating symlink to certifi certificate bundle")
    os.symlink(relpath_to_certifi_cafile, openssl_cafile)
    print(" -- setting permissions")
    os.chmod(openssl_cafile, STAT_0o775)
    print(" -- update complete")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()