我如何区分同一审判状态中发生的不同例外

Question

例如：

try:
    myfruits = FruitFunction()    #Raises some exception (unknown)
    assert "orange" in myfruits   #Raises AssertionError (known)

except:
    # I don't know how to distinguish these two errors :(

我需要从所有未知的异常中筛选出一种特殊的异常（已知的）。我还需要断言来继续同样的异常处理

^{pr2}$

为了更简洁地传达这一观点，我将添加一个真实的例子：

try:
    # This causes all sorts of errors
    myurl = urllib.urlopen(parametes)

    # But if everything went well
    assert myurl.status == 202

    # proceed normal stuff

except:
    # print "An error occured" if any error occured
    # but if it was an assertion error,
    # add "it was something serious too!"

Answer 1

如果它同时引发了一个未知异常和一个AssertionError，并且您需要同时处理这两个问题，那么应该使用两个单独的try语句。在

try:
    raise IndexError()
    assert 'orange' in myfruits
except AssertionError:
    print 'AssertionError'
except:
    print 'another error'

上面的方法只捕获第一个错误，而

^{pr2}$

将捕获两个错误。在