Python龟迷宫撞车

Question

从概念上讲，从我在网上和课堂上收集到的信息来看，这应该可以用来制作一个迷宫，然后让用户引导乌龟穿过迷宫，在最后收集到金圆，而不会穿过墙壁。但是在我添加了碰撞代码之后，它创建了迷宫并设定了目标，但是乌龟随后变得毫无反应并崩溃了。有什么办法吗？在

import turtle
import math

turtle.setup(1000,1000)
window=turtle.Screen()
window.bgcolor('white')

def forward():
    print("Key Up")
    turtle1.forward(10)
def right():
    print("Right")
    turtle1.right(90)    
def left():
    print("Left")
    turtle1.left(90)
def backward():
    print("Backward")
    turtle1.backward(10)

def iscollision(t1, t2):
    d = math.sqrt(math.pow(t1.xcor()-t2.xcor(),2)+ math.pow(t1.ycor()-t2.ycor(),2))
    if d < 20:
        return True
    elif():
        return False   
window.listen()

#boarders
boarder=turtle.Turtle()
boarder.penup()
boarder.setposition(-450,-450)
boarder.pendown()
boarder.pensize(10)
boarder.pencolor('black')

for side in range(4):
    boarder.speed(100)
    boarder.forward(900)
    boarder.left(90)
boarder.hideturtle()

#Maze
Maze=turtle.Turtle()
Maze.pensize(10)
#Speed
Maze.speed(100)
#Line 1
Maze.penup()
Maze.setposition(0,-450)
Maze.pendown()
Maze.setposition(300,-450)
Maze.setposition(0,-450)
Maze.setposition(0,-250)
Maze.setposition(150,-250)
Maze.setposition(0,-250)
Maze.setposition(0,-50)
Maze.setposition(100,-50)
Maze.setposition(0,-50)
Maze.setposition(0,-450)
#Line 2
Maze.setposition(300,-450)
Maze.setposition(300,100)
Maze.setposition(300,150)
Maze.setposition(100,150)
Maze.setposition(300,150)
Maze.setposition(300,50)
Maze.setposition(100,50)
Maze.setposition(300,50)
Maze.setposition(300,-150)
Maze.setposition(100,-150)
Maze.setposition(300,-150)
Maze.setposition(300,-450)
#Line 3
Maze.setposition(450,-450)
Maze.setposition(450,450)
Maze.setposition(200,450)
Maze.setposition(200,400)
Maze.setposition(50,400)
Maze.setposition(50,350)
Maze.setposition(0,350)
Maze.setposition(0,400)
Maze.setposition(-200,400)
Maze.setposition(-200,350)
Maze.setposition(-275,350)
Maze.setposition(-275,400)
Maze.setposition(-275,250)

#Maze2
Maze2=turtle.Turtle()
Maze2.pensize(10)
#Speed
Maze2.speed(100)
#line 4
Maze2.penup()
Maze2.setposition(300,150)
Maze2.pendown()
Maze2.setposition(100,150)
Maze2.setposition(100,200)
Maze2.setposition(-200,200)
Maze2.setposition(-200,150)
Maze2.setposition(-350,150)
Maze2.setposition(-350,400)

#Maze3
Maze3=turtle.Turtle()
Maze3.pensize(10)
#Speed
Maze3.speed(100)
#line 5
Maze3.penup()
Maze3.setposition(-275,150)
Maze3.pendown()
Maze3.setposition(-275,0)
Maze3.setposition(-200,0)
Maze3.setposition(-200,50)
Maze3.setposition(-150,50)
Maze3.setposition(-150,100)
Maze3.setposition(-100,100)
Maze3.setposition(-100,150)
Maze3.setposition(-50,150)
Maze3.setposition(-100,150)
Maze3.setposition(-100,100)
Maze3.setposition(-150,100)
Maze3.setposition(-150,50)
Maze3.setposition(-200,50)
Maze3.setposition(-200,0)
Maze3.setposition(-275,0)
Maze3.setposition(-275,-150)
Maze3.setposition(-350,-150)
Maze3.setposition(-275,-150)
Maze3.setposition(-275,-250)
Maze3.setposition(-350,-250)
Maze3.setposition(-200,-250)
Maze3.setposition(-200,-350)
Maze3.penup()
Maze3.setposition(-300,-450)
Maze3.pendown()
Maze3.setposition(-300,-350)
Maze3.setposition(-300,-450)
Maze3.setposition(-100,-450)
Maze3.setposition(-100,-350)
Maze3.setposition(-100,-450)
Maze3.setposition(450,-450)
Maze3.setposition(450,250)
Maze3.setposition(200,250)
Maze3.setposition(450,250)
Maze3.setposition(450,450)
Maze3.setposition(300,450)
Maze3.setposition(300,300)
Maze3.setposition(300,350)
Maze3.setposition(350,350)
Maze3.penup()
Maze3.setposition(-450,0)
Maze3.pendown()
Maze3.setposition(-350,0)
Maze3.penup()
Maze3.setposition(0,-200)
Maze3.pendown()
Maze3.setposition(-100,-200)
Maze3.setposition(-100,-100)
Maze3.setposition(-150,-100)

#end goal
goal=turtle.Turtle()
goal.color('gold')
goal.shape('circle')
goal.penup()
goal.setposition(375,-350)

turtle1=turtle.Turtle()
turtle1.color('black')
turtle1.shape("turtle")
turtle1.penup()
turtle1.setposition(100,-300)
window.onkey(forward,"Up")
window.onkey(right,"Right")
window.onkey(left,"Left")
window.onkey(backward,"Down")
window.listen()

while True:
    #boundary check
    if turtle1.xcor()> 450 or turtle1.xcor()< -450:
        turtle1.right(180)
    if turtle1.ycor()> 450 or turtle1.ycor()< -450:
        turtle1.right(180)     
##    if iscollision(turtle1, goal):
##        goal.hideturtle()
##    if iscollision(turtle1, Maze):
##        turtle1.right(180)
##    if iscollision(turtle1, Maze2):
##        turtle1.right(180)
##    if iscollision(turtle1, Maze3):
##        turtle1.right(180)

Answer 1

after I added the collision code, it creates the maze and places the goal but the turtle then becomes unresponsive

问题是您在turtle代码中添加了一个无限循环while True:，这意味着它永远不会运行mainloop()，并且海龟事件也不会触发。在这种情况下，解决方案很简单，使边界检查成为一个正常函数，没有无限循环，只需从forward()和backward()调用它，即每当海龟移动时。在

我做了以上的改变和下面的一些风格调整。你应该可以再次移动你的乌龟了。不过，尽管你的边界碰撞检测和目标检测一样都很好，但我不相信你的迷宫墙检测会与你当前所追求的策略相配合：

from turtle import Turtle, Screen
import math

def forward():
    turtle_1.forward(10)
    boundary_check()

def right():
    turtle_1.right(90)

def left():
    turtle_1.left(90)

def backward():
    turtle_1.backward(10)
    boundary_check()

def iscollision(t1, t2):
    d = math.sqrt((t2.xcor() - t1.xcor()) ** 2 + (t2.ycor() - t1.ycor()) ** 2)
    return d < 20.0

def draw_wall(turtle, positions):
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.setposition(positions[0])
    turtle.pendown()
    for position in positions[1:]:
        turtle.setposition(position)

screen = Screen()
screen.setup(1000, 1000)
screen.bgcolor('white')

screen.onkey(forward, "Up")
screen.onkey(right, "Right")
screen.onkey(left, "Left")
screen.onkey(backward, "Down")
screen.listen()

# border
border = Turtle(visible=False)
border.penup()
border.pensize(10)
border.pencolor('black')
border.setposition(-450, -450)
border.pendown()
border.speed("fastest")

for _ in range(4):
    border.forward(900)
    border.left(90)

# Maze
maze_1 = Turtle(visible=False)
maze_1.pensize(10)
maze_1.speed("fastest")

wall_1 = [(0, -450), (300, -450), (0, -450), (0, -250), (150, -250), \
    (0, -250), (0, -50), (100, -50), (0, -50), (0, -450)]

draw_wall(maze_1, wall_1)

wall_2 = [(300, -450), (300, 100), (300, 150), (100, 150), (300, 150), \
    (300, 50), (100, 50), (300, 50), (300, -150), (100, -150), \
    (300, -150), (300, -450)]

draw_wall(maze_1, wall_2)

wall_3 = [(450, -450), (450, 450), (200, 450), (200, 400), (50, 400), \
    (50, 350), (0, 350), (0, 400), (-200, 400), (-200, 350), \
    (-275, 350), (-275, 400), (-275, 250)]

draw_wall(maze_1, wall_3)

maze_2 = Turtle(visible=False)
maze_2.pensize(10)
maze_2.speed("fastest")

wall_4 = [(300, 150), (100, 150), (100, 200), (-200, 200), \
    (-200, 150), (-350, 150), (-350, 400)]

draw_wall(maze_2, wall_4)

maze_3 = Turtle(visible=False)
maze_3.pensize(10)
maze_3.speed("fastest")

wall_5 = [(-275, 150), (-275, 0), (-200, 0), (-200, 50), (-150, 50), \
    (-150, 100), (-100, 100), (-100, 150), (-50, 150), (-100, 150), \
    (-100, 100), (-150, 100), (-150, 50), (-200, 50), (-200, 0), \
    (-275, 0), (-275, -150), (-350, -150), (-275, -150), (-275, -250), \
    (-350, -250), (-200, -250), (-200, -350)]

draw_wall(maze_3, wall_5)

wall_6 = [(-300, -450), (-300, -350), (-300, -450), (-100, -450), \
    (-100, -350), (-100, -450), (450, -450), (450, 250), (200, 250), \
    (450, 250), (450, 450), (300, 450), (300, 300), (300, 350), (350, 350)]

draw_wall(maze_3, wall_6)

wall_7 = [(-450, 0), (-350, 0)]

draw_wall(maze_3, wall_7)

wall_8 = [(0, -200), (-100, -200), (-100, -100), (-150, -100)]

draw_wall(maze_3, wall_8)

# end goal
goal = Turtle(shape='circle')
goal.color('gold')
goal.penup()
goal.setposition(375, -350)

turtle_1 = Turtle(shape='turtle')
turtle_1.color('black')
turtle_1.penup()
turtle_1.setposition(100, -300)

def boundary_check():
    # boundary check
    if not -450 < turtle_1.xcor() < 450 or not -450 < turtle_1.ycor() < 450:
        turtle_1.right(180)

    if iscollision(turtle_1, goal):
        goal.hideturtle()

    # if iscollision(turtle, maze_1):
    #   turtle_1.right(180)
    # if iscollision(turtle, maze_2):
    #   turtle_1.right(180)
    # if iscollision(turtle, maze_3):
    #   turtle_1.right(180)

screen.mainloop()