将文本文件内容解析为Python对象并将对象写回可解析文本fi

Question

我需要解析一个配置文件，以便能够添加/删除/修改软件配置，该文件由多个文本块定义，格式如下：

portsbuild {
        path = /jails/portsbuild;
        allow.mount;
        mount.devfs;
        host.hostname = portsbuild.home;
        ip4.addr = 192.168.0.200;
        interface = nfe0;
        exec.start = "/bin/sh /etc/rc";
        exec.stop = "/bin/sh /etc/rc.shutdown";
}

这些块相当重复，到目前为止，只有变量的值在变化。在

我尝试过使用re模块，但最终得到的代码过于臃肿和复杂。然后我尝试了iscpy模块，代码非常简单（只需一行代码就可以将整个文件转换成一个方便的字典），但是解析的数据并不是它应该的那样：

^{pr2}$

我也用pyparsing试过运气，但它似乎只适合一种方式。因此，我想知道是否有其他模块或方法可以使用干净、易于理解的代码来解析该文件，这两种方法都可以使用，在修改python对象之后进行读取和写入？在

Answer 1

救援用的欧芹！它似乎是编写自定义解析器的最简单的模块，并使用python对象生成结果，这些对象很容易转换回相同格式的配置文件。以下小方块的样品溶液：

from parsley import makeGrammar, unwrapGrammar
from collections import OrderedDict

configFileGrammer = r"""

file = block+:bs end -> OrderedDict(bs)

block = ws name:b ws '{' ws members:m ws '}' ws -> (b, OrderedDict(m))

members = (setting:first (ws setting)*:rest ws -> [first] + rest) | -> []

setting = pair | flag

pair = ws name:k ws '=' ws name:v ws ';' ws -> (k, v)

flag = ws name:k ws ';' ws -> (k, True)

name = <(~('='|';'|'{') anything)+>:n -> n.strip()

"""


testSource = r"""
    portsbuild {
            path = /jails/portsbuild;
            allow.mount;
            mount.devfs;
            host.hostname = portsbuild.home;
            ip4.addr = 192.168.0.200;
            interface = nfe0;
            exec.start = "/bin/sh /etc/rc";
            exec.stop = "/bin/sh /etc/rc.shutdown";
    }

    web01 {
            path = /jails/web01;
            allow.mount;
            mount.devfs;
            host.hostname = web02.site.com;
            ip4.addr = 10.0.0.1;
            interface = eth0;
            exec.start = "/bin/sh /etc/rc";
    }

    db01 {
            path = /jails/db01;
            mount.devfs;
            host.hostname = db01.home;
            ip4.addr = 192.168.6.66;
            interface = if0;
            exec.start = "/bin/mysql";
    }


"""
ConfigFile = makeGrammar(configFileGrammer, globals(), name="ConfigFile")

config = unwrapGrammar(ConfigFile)(testSource).apply('file')[0]
for block in config:
    print "%s {" % block
    for key in config[block]:
        if config[block][key] == True:
            print "\t%s;" % key
        else:
            print "\t%s = %s;" % (key, config[block][key])
    print "}"