<p>来自<a href="https://requests.kennethreitz.org//en/latest/user/advanced/#ssl-cert-verification" rel="noreferrer">the documentation</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Requests can also ignore verifying the SSL certficate if you set
<code>verify</code> to False.</p>
<pre><code>>>> requests.get('https://kennethreitz.com', verify=False)
<Response [200]>
</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<p>如果您正在使用第三方模块并希望禁用检查,这里有一个上下文管理器,它可以对<code>requests</code>进行修补并对其进行更改,使<code>verify=False</code>成为默认值并抑制警告。</p>
<pre><code>import warnings
import contextlib
import requests
from urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
old_merge_environment_settings = requests.Session.merge_environment_settings
@contextlib.contextmanager
def no_ssl_verification():
opened_adapters = set()
def merge_environment_settings(self, url, proxies, stream, verify, cert):
# Verification happens only once per connection so we need to close
# all the opened adapters once we're done. Otherwise, the effects of
# verify=False persist beyond the end of this context manager.
opened_adapters.add(self.get_adapter(url))
settings = old_merge_environment_settings(self, url, proxies, stream, verify, cert)
settings['verify'] = False
return settings
requests.Session.merge_environment_settings = merge_environment_settings
try:
with warnings.catch_warnings():
warnings.simplefilter('ignore', InsecureRequestWarning)
yield
finally:
requests.Session.merge_environment_settings = old_merge_environment_settings
for adapter in opened_adapters:
try:
adapter.close()
except:
pass
</code></pre>
<p>以下是使用方法:</p>
<pre><code>with no_ssl_verification():
requests.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/')
print('It works')
requests.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/', verify=True)
print('Even if you try to force it to')
requests.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/', verify=False)
print('It resets back')
session = requests.Session()
session.verify = True
with no_ssl_verification():
session.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/', verify=True)
print('Works even here')
try:
requests.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/')
except requests.exceptions.SSLError:
print('It breaks')
try:
session.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/')
except requests.exceptions.SSLError:
print('It breaks here again')
</code></pre>
<p>请注意,一旦您离开上下文管理器,此代码将关闭处理修补请求的所有打开的适配器。这是因为请求维护每个会话连接池,而证书验证在每个连接中只发生一次,因此会发生以下意外情况:</p>
<pre><code>>>> import requests
>>> session = requests.Session()
>>> session.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/', verify=False)
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py:857: InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings
InsecureRequestWarning)
<Response [200]>
>>> session.get('https://wrong.host.badssl.com/', verify=True)
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py:857: InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings
InsecureRequestWarning)
<Response [200]>
</code></pre>