集成文件和文本小部件python/tkin

2024-10-03 02:32:05 发布

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在这种情况下,我想:

  1. -打开特定的文本文件
  2. -从文本文件导入要在文本小部件中显示的文本
  3. -然后从文本小部件中提取文本,然后用文本小部件中的当前文本替换之前文本文件中的文本。

目前,我已经找到了如何打开文本小部件中的特定文本文件,并使其显示出来,但是我无法确定如何执行最后一步。在

我试图定义一个'Save'函数,但是没有得到任何结果,您可以在下面看到这个。在

步骤1和2的当前代码:

class PropertynewsA(Propertynews):

def __init__(self):
    Propertynews.__init__(self)

    def save():
        file.write(txt)
        file.close()
        messagebox.showinfo('Saved!','Your Message has been Saved')
        self.delete

    file = open('PropertynewsA.txt', 'r+') #Text file i am using
    with open('PropertynewsA.txt') as file: # Use file to refer to the file object
        data = file.read() #date=current text in text file

    #Text widget
    Time = strftime("%d %b %Y\n")#getting gmt time
    txt = Text(self.GenericGui,height=14, width=53,font=('TkDefaultFont',12)) #Creating text widget
    txt.insert('1.0',data) #showing text from text file in widget
    txt.tag_configure('format', background='lightblue', font='helvetica 14 bold', relief='raised')
    txt.focus()
    txt.place(x=8,y=40) #places text widget

如果有人能在这里帮助我那就太好了

干杯伙计们


Tags: text文本selftxtinit部件defopen
2条回答

我创建了一个简单的用户界面,允许您从文件对话框打开您选择的文本文件。出于可伸缩性的原因,我希望稍后将此选项分开设置(以防将来您希望阅读文档文件,例如):

        # Opening file options
        self.file_options={}
        self.file_options['defaultextension'] = '.txt'
        self.file_options['filetypes'] = [('text files', '.txt'), ('all files', '.*')]
        self.file_options['parent'] = self.parent
        self.file_options['title'] = 'Open a text file'
        self.file_options['initialdir']='/home/'

我运行的是Linux,所以如果您在MS Windows操作系统上,您可以将self.file_options['initialdir']='/home/'更改为您想要的任何目录路径。注意,您也可以删除它,在这种情况下,默认情况下,文件对话框窗口将提示您到运行应用程序的目录。在

方法initialize_user_interface()执行其名称所反映的内容。主要是,它提供了一种方便的方法,可以单击退出应用程序并选择要读取的文件:

^{pr2}$

然后可以添加一个文本小部件。最好是有一个可滚动的文本区域,以防您偶然发现一个大的内容文件。在

为此,您需要创建滚动条,并将其附加到文本小部件,因为文本小部件不维护自己的滚动条。在

这是完整的程序:

'''
Created on Feb 25, 2016

@author: begueradj
'''
import Tkinter  # Tkinter -> tkinter in Python3
import Tkconstants
import tkFileDialog

class Begueradj(Tkinter.Frame):
    """ Get text file content and past it into a scrollable Text widget.
    Replace the content of the file with the pre-existing Text widget content.
    """

    def __init__(self,parent):
        """ Set some class variables:
         mainly the file dialog interface options.
        """
        Tkinter.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
        self.parent=parent

        # Opening file options
        self.file_options={}
        self.file_options['defaultextension'] = '.txt'
        self.file_options['filetypes'] = [('text files', '.txt'), ('all files', '.*')]
        self.file_options['parent'] = self.parent
        self.file_options['title'] = 'Open a text file'
        self.file_options['initialdir']='/home/'

        self.initialize_user_interface()

    def initialize_user_interface(self):
        """ Design of the user interface.
        It mainly consists of a bar menu and a horizontally & vertically 
        scrollable Text widget in case the text file to read is large.
        """

        self.parent.title("Text replacement")

        # Set the bar menu and its items
        self.menubar=Tkinter.Menu(self.parent)
        self.filemenu=Tkinter.Menu(self.menubar,tearoff=0)
        self.filemenu.add_command(label="Open",command=self.text_replacement)
        self.filemenu.add_command(label="Exit",command=self.parent.quit)
        self.menubar.add_cascade(label="File",menu=self.filemenu)
        self.parent.config(menu=self.menubar)        

        self.parent.grid_rowconfigure(0,weight=1)
        self.parent.grid_columnconfigure(0,weight=1)
        # Set the horizontal and vertical scrollbars              
        self.hscrollbar=Tkinter.Scrollbar(self.parent,orient=Tkconstants.HORIZONTAL)
        self.hscrollbar.grid(row=1,column=0,sticky=Tkinter.E+Tkinter.W)

        self.vscrollbar=Tkinter.Scrollbar(self.parent)
        self.vscrollbar.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky=Tkinter.N+Tkinter.S)

        # Set the Text widget and make it scrollable
        self.text=Tkinter.Text(self.parent,wrap=Tkinter.NONE,bd=0,
                               xscrollcommand=self.hscrollbar.set,
                               yscrollcommand=self.vscrollbar.set)
        self.text.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky=Tkinter.E+Tkinter.W+Tkinter.S+Tkinter.N)

        self.text.insert("1.0","Original text here")
        self.hscrollbar.config(command=self.text.xview)
        self.vscrollbar.config(command=self.text.yview)

    def text_replacement(self):
        """ Return the name of a file
        opened in read mode
        """
        self.filename = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(**self.file_options) 
        if self.filename:
            self.original=self.text.get("0.0","end-1c")
            print self.original
            with open(self.filename) as self.filetoread:
                self.txtfilecontent=self.filetoread.read()
            self.filetoread.close()

            self.text.delete("1.0", Tkinter.END) # Erase the previous Text widget content
            self.text.insert("1.0", self.txtfilecontent)

            with open(self.filename,'w') as self.filetowrite:
                self.filetowrite.write(self.original)
            self.filetowrite.close()


def main():
    """ Main method to be executed.
    Instantiate Begueradj class
    """
    root=Tkinter.Tk()
    b=Begueradj(root)
    root.geometry("300x250+300+300")
    root.mainloop()

if __name__=="__main__":
    """ Run the application
    """ 
    main()

应用程序演示:

演示包括3个屏幕截图,显示:

  1. 将原始文本设置为文本小部件和一个文件对话框窗口,以拾取要读取的文件。在
  2. 正在将file1.txt的内容加载到Tkinter.Text小部件中
  3. 检查文本小部件的原始文件是否保存(替换)在file1.txt

    • Choosing the file to read
    • Text replacement
    • enter image description here

一旦您知道了Widget indices的工作原理,并且知道了insert和{}methods on the ^{} widget

starting_text = "THIS WOULD COME FROM A FILE"
...
textbox = TEXT_WIDGET_SETUP_ALREADY

textbox.insert("1.0",starting_text)
...

ending_text = textbox.get("1.0","end-1c")

棘手的部分是在程序关闭时访问文本,而不是在小部件被销毁之后(或者您得到一个_tkinter.TclError: invalid command name ".4384096888"错误):

^{pr2}$

虽然如果使用from tkinter import *表示法,则需要将类称为Text之外的名称,也可能不使用ending_text作为全局变量,但这是演示如何操作的最简单方法。在


这是我用来测试IO的完整代码,不过如果您不了解如何处理已经存在的文件,references elsewhere。在

import tkinter as tk


filename = "test.txt"

class Text(tk.Text):
    def destroy(self):
        global ending_text
        ending_text = self.get("1.0","end-1c")
        super(Text,self).destroy()
try:
    with open(filename) as f:
        text = f.read()
except IOError:
    text = ""

root = tk.Tk()

textbox = Text(root)
textbox.insert("1.0",text)
textbox.grid()

#this would probably just be put in the destroy method
def finish(event=None):
    with open(filename,"w") as f:
        f.write(ending_text)

textbox.bind("<Destroy>",finish) #this will happen after Text.destroy() so textbox.get() fails if used from this point
root.mainloop()

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