Plotly：以连续颜色比例在sunburst中添加大小成比例的子要素

Question

这个问题几乎类似于this one，但有一个重要的区别，即不适用相同解决方案的连续色阶

import pandas as pd
import plotly.express as px

data = {
  'ids':['SA', 'NA', 'Brazil', 'Uruguay', 'USA', 'Canada', 'PFV Brazil', 'PV Brazil', 'PFV Uruguay', 'PV Uruguay', 'PFV USA', 'PV USA', 'PFV Canada', 'PV Canada'],
  'labels': ['SA', 'NA', 'Brazil', 'Uruguay', 'USA', 'Canada', 'PFV', 'PV', 'PFV', 'PV', 'PFV', 'PV', 'PFV', 'PV'],
  'parent': ['', '', 'SA', 'SA', 'NA', 'NA', 'Brazil', 'Brazil', 'Uruguay', 'Uruguay', 'USA', 'USA', 'Canada', 'Canada'],
  'value': [0, 0, 100, 80, 400, 200, 8, 40, 4, 20, 11, 100, 11, 80]
  }

fig =px.sunburst(data, names='labels', parents='parent',  values='value', ids='ids', color='value',
                color_continuous_scale='Blues')
fig.show()

上述代码复制了该图-

正如您所看到的，NA和SA的颜色是最低端的颜色（因为它们的值为零），但它们的分割比例和与子对象的大小比例是正确的

如果我输入它们的值，即它们的子类的总数，即用'value': [180, 600, 100, 80, 400, 200, 8, 40, 4, 20, 11, 100, 11, 80]替换value，它将生成此图-

在这方面，颜色和比例是正确的，但与儿童班级的比例却不正确。我怎样才能解决这个问题？（我想要第一个图形，但根/父节点的颜色与大小一致）

Answer 1

很明显，如果父类具有值，则即使子类的总和等于父类，子类也会自动划分为非比例的较小扇区。因此，获得某种理想解决方案的唯一方法是父类具有实际值0，然后手动为它们指定颜色和悬停标签。因此，我实施了一个（几乎荒谬的）变通方法

颜色

这个想法是要有一个非常大的顺序色标，它有数百个元素（或者更多，取决于你想要的范围）。然后将所需颜色（我选择了colorscale的中点）插入到colorscale的起点（minpoint）。通过这种方式，0值将具有颜色，并且colorscale的超大尺寸将防止所有其他值与其原始颜色相差太多

1. 您可以从this网站生成colorscale。我没有看到任何直接导出或复制选项，所以快速复制到excel中，然后从中选择所需的列对我来说很有用

2. 从中列出一个字符串列表。添加#作为每个元素的前缀

3. 选择所需颜色并将其添加到列表的前面。我选择了中点

4. 将列表传递给plotting函数的colorscale参数

# px.colors.sequential.Blues #Get first and last colour from this
my_colorscale = ["F7FBFF","F6FAFE","F5F9FD","F4F8FD","F3F7FC","F2F7FC","F1F6FB","F0F5FA","EFF4FA","EEF3F9","EDF3F9","ECF2F8","EBF1F8","EAF0F7","E9EFF6","E8EFF6","E8EEF5","E7EDF5","E6ECF4","E5EBF3","E4EBF3","E3EAF2","E2E9F2","E1E8F1","E0E7F1","DFE7F0","DEE6EF","DDE5EF","DCE4EE","DBE3EE","DAE3ED","D9E2ED","D9E1EC","D8E0EB","D7DFEB","D6DFEA","D5DEEA","D4DDE9","D3DCE8","D2DBE8","D1DBE7","D0DAE7","CFD9E6","CED8E6","CDD7E5","CCD7E4","CBD6E4","CAD5E3","CAD4E3","C9D3E2","C8D3E1","C7D2E1","C6D1E0","C5D0E0","C4D0DF","C3CFDF","C2CEDE","C1CDDD","C0CCDD","BFCCDC","BECBDC","BDCADB","BCC9DB","BBC8DA","BBC8D9","BAC7D9","B9C6D8","B8C5D8","B7C4D7","B6C4D6","B5C3D6","B4C2D5","B3C1D5","B2C0D4","B1C0D4","B0BFD3","AFBED2","AEBDD2","ADBCD1","ACBCD1","ACBBD0","ABBACF","AAB9CF","A9B8CE","A8B8CE","A7B7CD","A6B6CD","A5B5CC","A4B4CB","A3B4CB","A2B3CA","A1B2CA","A0B1C9","9FB0C9","9EB0C8","9DAFC7","9DAEC7","9CADC6","9BACC6","9AACC5","99ABC4","98AAC4","97A9C3","96A9C3","95A8C2","94A7C2","93A6C1","92A5C0","91A5C0","90A4BF","8FA3BF","8EA2BE","8EA1BD","8DA1BD","8CA0BC","8B9FBC","8A9EBB","899DBB","889DBA","879CB9","869BB9","859AB8","8499B8","8399B7","8298B7","8197B6","8096B5","7F95B5","7F95B4","7E94B4","7D93B3","7C92B2","7B91B2","7A91B1","7990B1","788FB0","778EB0","768DAF","758DAE","748CAE","738BAD","728AAD","7189AC","7089AC","7088AB","6F87AA","6E86AA","6D85A9","6C85A9","6B84A8","6A83A7","6982A7","6881A6","6781A6","6680A5","657FA5","647EA4","637EA3","627DA3","617CA2","617BA2","607AA1","5F7AA0","5E79A0","5D789F","5C779F","5B769E","5A769E","59759D","58749C","57739C","56729B","55729B","54719A","53709A","526F99","526E98","516E98","506D97","4F6C97","4E6B96","4D6A95","4C6A95","4B6994","4A6894","496793","486693","476692","466591","456491","446390","436290","43628F","42618E","41608E","405F8D","3F5E8D","3E5E8C","3D5D8C","3C5C8B","3B5B8A","3A5A8A","395A89","385989","375888","365788","355787","345686","345586","335485","325385","315384","305283","2F5183","2E5082","2D4F82","2C4F81","2B4E81","2A4D80","294C7F","284B7F","274B7E","264A7E","25497D","25487C","24477C","23477B","22467B","21457A","20447A","1F4379","1E4378","1D4278","1C4177","1B4077","1A3F76","193F76","183E75","173D74","163C74","163B73","153B73","143A72","133971","123871","113770","103770","0F366F","0E356F","0D346E","0C336D","0B336D","0A326C","09316C","08306B","08306B"]
midpoint = my_colorscale[int(len(my_colorscale)/2)]
my_colorscale.insert(0, midpoint)
my_colorscale = ['#'+x for x in my_colorscale]

悬停标签

创建一个由每个扇区的值组成的列表，并将该列表传递给函数中的custom_data参数。然后，调用fig.update_traces()并将%{customdata}传递给hovertemplate参数

以下是完整的代码-

# px.colors.sequential.Blues #Get first and last colour from this
my_colorscale = ["F7FBFF","F6FAFE","F5F9FD","F4F8FD","F3F7FC","F2F7FC","F1F6FB","F0F5FA","EFF4FA","EEF3F9","EDF3F9","ECF2F8","EBF1F8","EAF0F7","E9EFF6","E8EFF6","E8EEF5","E7EDF5","E6ECF4","E5EBF3","E4EBF3","E3EAF2","E2E9F2","E1E8F1","E0E7F1","DFE7F0","DEE6EF","DDE5EF","DCE4EE","DBE3EE","DAE3ED","D9E2ED","D9E1EC","D8E0EB","D7DFEB","D6DFEA","D5DEEA","D4DDE9","D3DCE8","D2DBE8","D1DBE7","D0DAE7","CFD9E6","CED8E6","CDD7E5","CCD7E4","CBD6E4","CAD5E3","CAD4E3","C9D3E2","C8D3E1","C7D2E1","C6D1E0","C5D0E0","C4D0DF","C3CFDF","C2CEDE","C1CDDD","C0CCDD","BFCCDC","BECBDC","BDCADB","BCC9DB","BBC8DA","BBC8D9","BAC7D9","B9C6D8","B8C5D8","B7C4D7","B6C4D6","B5C3D6","B4C2D5","B3C1D5","B2C0D4","B1C0D4","B0BFD3","AFBED2","AEBDD2","ADBCD1","ACBCD1","ACBBD0","ABBACF","AAB9CF","A9B8CE","A8B8CE","A7B7CD","A6B6CD","A5B5CC","A4B4CB","A3B4CB","A2B3CA","A1B2CA","A0B1C9","9FB0C9","9EB0C8","9DAFC7","9DAEC7","9CADC6","9BACC6","9AACC5","99ABC4","98AAC4","97A9C3","96A9C3","95A8C2","94A7C2","93A6C1","92A5C0","91A5C0","90A4BF","8FA3BF","8EA2BE","8EA1BD","8DA1BD","8CA0BC","8B9FBC","8A9EBB","899DBB","889DBA","879CB9","869BB9","859AB8","8499B8","8399B7","8298B7","8197B6","8096B5","7F95B5","7F95B4","7E94B4","7D93B3","7C92B2","7B91B2","7A91B1","7990B1","788FB0","778EB0","768DAF","758DAE","748CAE","738BAD","728AAD","7189AC","7089AC","7088AB","6F87AA","6E86AA","6D85A9","6C85A9","6B84A8","6A83A7","6982A7","6881A6","6781A6","6680A5","657FA5","647EA4","637EA3","627DA3","617CA2","617BA2","607AA1","5F7AA0","5E79A0","5D789F","5C779F","5B769E","5A769E","59759D","58749C","57739C","56729B","55729B","54719A","53709A","526F99","526E98","516E98","506D97","4F6C97","4E6B96","4D6A95","4C6A95","4B6994","4A6894","496793","486693","476692","466591","456491","446390","436290","43628F","42618E","41608E","405F8D","3F5E8D","3E5E8C","3D5D8C","3C5C8B","3B5B8A","3A5A8A","395A89","385989","375888","365788","355787","345686","345586","335485","325385","315384","305283","2F5183","2E5082","2D4F82","2C4F81","2B4E81","2A4D80","294C7F","284B7F","274B7E","264A7E","25497D","25487C","24477C","23477B","22467B","21457A","20447A","1F4379","1E4378","1D4278","1C4177","1B4077","1A3F76","193F76","183E75","173D74","163C74","163B73","153B73","143A72","133971","123871","113770","103770","0F366F","0E356F","0D346E","0C336D","0B336D","0A326C","09316C","08306B","08306B"]
midpoint = my_colorscale[int(len(my_colorscale)/2)]
my_colorscale.insert(0, midpoint)
my_colorscale = ['#'+x for x in my_colorscale]

value2 = [180, 600, 100, 80, 400, 200, 8, 40, 4, 20, 11, 100, 11, 80]

import pandas as pd
import plotly.express as px

data = {
  'ids':['SA', 'NA', 'Brazil', 'Uruguay', 'USA', 'Canada', 'PFV Brazil', 'PV Brazil', 'PFV Uruguay', 'PV Uruguay', 'PFV USA', 'PV USA', 'PFV Canada', 'PV Canada'],
  'labels': ['SA', 'NA', 'Brazil', 'Uruguay', 'USA', 'Canada', 'PFV', 'PV', 'PFV', 'PV', 'PFV', 'PV', 'PFV', 'PV'],
  'parent': ['', '', 'SA', 'SA', 'NA', 'NA', 'Brazil', 'Brazil', 'Uruguay', 'Uruguay', 'USA', 'USA', 'Canada', 'Canada'],
  'value': [0, 0, 100, 80, 400, 200, 8, 40, 4, 20, 11, 100, 11, 80]
  }

fig =px.sunburst(data, names='labels', parents='parent',  values='value', ids='ids', color='value',
                color_continuous_scale=my_colorscale, custom_data=[value2])
fig.update_traces(hovertemplate='%{label}<br>%{customdata}')
fig.show()

这是输出（请注意颜色栏的底部：D）——

这决不是一个完美的解决方案，因为NA和SA的颜色是相同的。我认为这也是可以解决的，尽管使用足够大的色阶，并将其中一个的值更改为1，而不是0，因为这个微小的更改对于图形上的眼睛来说是不可理解的，并且添加第二个颜色阴影作为列表my_colorscale上的第二个元素

我对更好的解决方案持开放态度，我不会把这当作答案