倒计时计时器未按给定值启动

Question

这是我与主循环的游戏功能。问题是，我的计时器包含了clock.tick(60)，从100（指定值）开始倒计时，但速度慢于秒（约2秒）。如果没有clock.tick(60)，倒计时从100开始，然后立即跳到97，然后以略长于秒的速度继续。我所知道的是，除了clock.tick（60）之外，milliseconds += clock.tick(60)也有效果。有没有办法确保倒计时从100秒开始，并且有第二个间隔，而不会对急需的fps产生负面影响？如果需要更多这样的代码，我很乐意提交

注意：我已经删除了这篇文章中一些不必要的细节，因此似乎没有使用全局变量

def Gameplay():
    global P1_sped
    global P1_speed
    global P2_sped
    global P2_speed
    global Touch
    global player1_Lives
    global player2_Lives
    global P1_score
    global P2_score
    global done
    
    Player_1_turn = True
    Player_2_turn = False
    P1_Turns = 3
    P2_Turns = 3

    resetTimer = 100
    clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    seconds = 100
    milliseconds = 0


    
    P1_sped = P1_sped + 1
    P1_speed = P1_speed - 1
    print(P1_sped, "sped")
    print(P1_speed, "speed")
    Countdown = True
    done = False

    while not done:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                done = True
                
            # Keydown movement bindings
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    P2.changespeed(P2_speed, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    P2.changespeed(P2_sped, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    P2.changespeed(0, P2_speed)
                if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    P2.changespeed(0, P2_sped)
                if event.key == pygame.K_a:
                    P1.changespeed(P1_speed, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_d:
                    P1.changespeed(P1_sped, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_w:
                    P1.changespeed(0, P1_speed)
                if event.key == pygame.K_s:
                    P1.changespeed(0, P1_sped)
                    
            # Keyup movement bindings          
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    P2.changespeed(P2_sped, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    P2.changespeed(P2_speed, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    P2.changespeed(0, P2_sped)
                if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    P2.changespeed(0, P2_speed)
                if event.key == pygame.K_a:
                    P1.changespeed(P1_sped, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_d:
                    P1.changespeed(P1_speed, 0)
                if event.key == pygame.K_w:
                    P1.changespeed(0, P1_sped)
                if event.key == pygame.K_s:
                    P1.changespeed(0, P1_speed)
        

        #milliseconds += clock.tick_busy_loop(60) #returns the time since the last time we called the function, and limits the frame rate to 60FPS
        milliseconds += clock.tick(60)
                    
      

        #  Applying an update to the sprites
        all_sprite_list.update()

        #  Backgorund colour
        screen.fill(D_BLUE)

        #  Applying the sprites
        all_sprite_list.draw(screen)

        #  The countdown used before the game starts
        if Countdown == True:
        
            screen.blit(THREE, (SCREEN_WIDTH/2-53.5,SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-91.5))
            pygame.display.update()
            time.sleep(1)
            screen.fill(D_BLUE)
            all_sprite_list.draw(screen)
            #pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK,(SCREEN_WIDTH/2-250,SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-250,500,500))

            screen.blit(TWO, (SCREEN_WIDTH/2-52,SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-88.5))
            pygame.display.update()
            time.sleep(1)
            screen.fill(D_BLUE)
            all_sprite_list.draw(screen)
            #pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK,(SCREEN_WIDTH/2-250,SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-250,500,500))

            screen.blit(ONE, (SCREEN_WIDTH/2-39,SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-87))
            pygame.display.update()
            time.sleep(1)

            Countdown = False
            
        if milliseconds > 1000:
            seconds -= 1
            milliseconds -= 1000
        if seconds == 0:
            #Countdown = True
            P1.reset(500, 500)
            P2.reset(800, 500)
            if Player_1_turn:
                P1_score += 1000
                P1_Turns -= 1
                Countdown = True
                seconds = resetTimer
                if P1_Turns == 0:
                    Text("GameOver Player1", 100, WHITE, SCREEN_WIDTH/2, SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-350)
                    pygame.display.update()
                    time.sleep(1)
                    Player_2_turn = True
                    Player_1_turn = False
            else:
            #if Player_2_turn == True or Player_1_turn == False:
                P2_score += 1000
                P2_Turns -= 1
                Countdown = True
                seconds = resetTimer
                if P2_Turns == 0:
                    Text("GameOver Player2", 100, WHITE, SCREEN_WIDTH/2, SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-350)
                    pygame.display.update()
                    time.sleep(1)
                    #GameEnd()
                    CharSel()
        #print(P1_score, "P1 score")
        #print(P2_score, "P2 score")
                

        Text(seconds, 100, WHITE, SCREEN_WIDTH/2, SCREEN_HEIGHT/2-350)
     
        pygame.display.flip()
        #  Used for fps
        clock.tick(60)
        
StartScreen()
pygame.quit()

Answer 1

在主循环中调用clock.tick(60)两次。一次在执行milliseconds += clock.tick(60)操作的地方，一次在循环结束时。如果您阅读docs，您将看到这个“这个方法应该每帧调用一次。它将计算自上次调用以来经过的毫秒数。如果您传递可选的framerate参数，函数将延迟以使游戏运行速度低于给定的每秒滴答声

因此，如果每个循环调用它两次，效果将是使循环以预期帧速率的一半执行。因为你称它为60，这意味着你的帧速率实际上是每秒30帧

此外，返回值是自上次调用以来的时间量。因为您调用了它两次，所以循环顶部的调用将返回自循环底部调用以来的时间，而不是自循环顶部的最后一次调用以来的时间。因此，在你的游戏循环中，只需要计算大约一半的时间，这就解释了为什么你试图计算1秒的价值，但2秒已经过去了

您需要删除对clock.tick(60)的两个调用中的一个

编辑：

您有Countdown == True部分，它在初始启动时使用了3秒。倒计时发生在第一个milliseconds += clock.tick(60)和下一个clock.tick(60)之间。这3秒被返回，然后被clock.tick(60)隐藏，如果没有返回，它们将以3000毫秒的速度返回给milliseconds += clock.tick(60)，因此导致显示的时间快速下降3秒

您可以通过在if Countdown == True块内的Countdown = False之后添加clock.tick()来隐藏时间损失