将输入变量分配给python字典

Question

我想给字典分配一个输入变量这是我目前所拥有的：

diction = {
           "name" : "john",
           "jobs" : ['police', 'mailman']
       }

chooseJob = input("Choose job: ")

if chooseJob == 'police' or chooseJob == 'mailman':
    print(diction['jobs'][chooseJob])
else:
    print("John doesn't have that job")

我在输入部分输入“police”，它输出TypeError：字符串索引必须是整数

Answer 1

到目前为止，答案已经解决了代码的语法问题，但实际上没有解决逻辑问题。也就是说，他们确实没有以有意义的方式使用字典。（也就是说，它们在代码中复制了字典中的数据。）我希望您的数据和代码更像：

dictionary = {
    'name' : "John",
    'jobs' : ['police', 'mailman']
    }

chooseJob = input("Choose job: ")

if chooseJob in dictionary['jobs']:
    print(dictionary['name'], "does have that job!")
else:
    print(dictionary['name'], "doesn't have that job.")

用法

> python3 test.py
Choose job: police
John does have that job!
> python3 test.py
Choose job: mailman
John does have that job!
> python3 test.py
Choose job: garbageman
John doesn't have that job.
> 

Answer 2

job变量是列表类型，您可以使用字符串值分配/读取列表，而不是指定要插入/读取数据的索引位置

试试这个

diction = {
       "name" : "john",
       "jobs" : ['police', 'mailman']
   }

chooseJob = input("Choose job: ")

if chooseJob == 'police':
    print(diction['jobs'][0])
elif chooseJob == 'mailman':
    print(diction['jobs'][1])
else:
    print("John doesn't have that job")`

Answer 3

diction['jobs']返回一个列表，列表只能在这些括号内包含整数diction['jobs'][chooseJob]，因为它是列表的索引

也许这就是你想要做的：

diction = {
           "name" : "john",
           "jobs" : ['police', 'mailman']
       }

chooseJob = input("Choose job: ")

if chooseJob == 'police' or chooseJob == 'mailman':
    print(chooseJob)
else:
    print("John doesn't have that job")