<p>一个完整的例子</p>
<p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/RUAlP.png" alt="enter image description here"/></p>
<pre><code>import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def __intersect(rect, line):
l = []
xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax = rect
a,b,c = line
assert a!=0 or b!=0
if a == 0:
y = -c/b
if y<=ymax and y>=ymin:
l.append((xmin, y))
l.append((xmax, y))
return l
if b == 0:
x = -c/a
if x<=xmax and x>=xmin:
l.append((x, ymin))
l.append((x, ymax))
return l
k = -a/b
m = -c/b
for x in (xmin, xmax):
y = k*x+m
if y<=ymax and y>= ymin:
l.append((x,y))
k = -b/a
m = -c/a
for y in (ymin, ymax):
x = k*y+m
if x<xmax and x> xmin:
l.append((x,y))
return l
def plotline(coef, *args, **kwargs):
'''plot line: y=a*x+b or a*x+b*y+c=0'''
coef = np.float64(coef[:])
assert len(coef)==2 or len(coef)==3
if len(coef) == 2:
a, b, c = coef[0], -1., coef[1]
elif len(coef) == 3:
a, b, c = coef
ax = plt.gca()
limits = ax.axis()
points = __intersect(limits, (a,b,c))
if len(points) == 2:
pts = np.array(points)
ax.plot(pts[:,0], pts[:,1], *args, **kwargs)
ax.axis(limits)
def circle_out(x, y, s=20, *args, **kwargs):
'''Circle out points with size 's' and edgecolors'''
ax = plt.gca()
if 'edgecolors' not in kwargs:
kwargs['edgecolors'] = 'g'
ax.scatter(x, y, s, facecolors='none', *args, **kwargs)
def plotSVM(coef, support_vectors=None):
coef1 = coef[:]
coef2 = coef[:]
coef1[2] += 1
coef2[2] -= 1
plotline(coef, 'b', lw=2)
plotline(coef1, 'b', ls='dashed')
plotline(coef2, 'b', ls='dashed')
if support_vectors != None:
circle_out(support_vectors[:,0], support_vectors[:,1], s=100)
from pylab import *
X = array([[2.0, 2.0, 1.0, 1.0],
[1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0]])
Y = array([[4.0, 5.0, 5.0, 4.0],
[1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0]])
data = hstack((X,Y)).T
label = hstack((zeros(X.shape[1]), ones(Y.shape[1])))
from sklearn.svm import SVC
clf = SVC(kernel='linear')
clf.fit(data, label)
coef = [clf.coef_[0,0], clf.coef_[0,1], clf.intercept_[0]]
scatter(data[:,0], data[:,1], c=label)
plotSVM(coef, clf.support_vectors_)
show()
</code></pre>
