使用音乐音乐会python创建一个类

Question

构建一个实现以下需求的程序。示例居中 关于音乐：

• 类乐器有一个类型，有一个声音，并播放那个声音（打印一个字符串，不要 实际播放音乐）
• 课堂钢琴是一种乐器，有多个键，能演奏“美妙的音乐” 这是许多键（打印字符串，实际上不播放音乐）
• 班上的小提琴是一种乐器，演奏“优美的音乐”（打印一根弦，实际上不需要） 播放音乐）
• 一个人有一个名字
• 音乐家是拥有一种乐器并演奏这种乐器的人
• 一个管弦乐队有一个音乐家名单，并在所有音乐家演奏的地方演奏一场音乐会 音乐

我试过这样做，但我被困在班上，我不知道下一步该怎么办

class Instrument:
    sound: str
    def __init__(self, type, sound):
        self.type = type
        self.sound = sound
        
    def Playinstrument(self):
         return f"This {self.type} sounds like {self.sound}"
     
        
class Piano(Instrument):
    numberofkeys: int
    
    def __init__(self, type, sound, numberofkeys ):
        self.type = type
        self.sound = sound
        self.numberofkeys = numberofkeys
        
    def Playinstrument(self):
        return f"this {self.type} plays beautiful music on these {self.numberofkeys} keys"
    
    
class Violin(Instrument):
     def __init__(self, type, sound):
         self.type = type
         self.sound = sound
         
     def Playinstrument(self):
          return print("beautiful music")
    
class Person:
    name: str
    
    def __init__(self, name = ""):
        self.name = name
        
    def __repr__(self):
        return self.name    
    
    
class musician(Intstrument):
    musician: str
    def __init__(self, ) 

Answer 1

基本上，您必须严格遵循以下说明：

• 类Instrument有一个type，有一个sound，和plays声音（打印字符串，实际上不播放音乐）
• 类Piano是一个Instrument，有一个number of keys，和plays“美妙的音乐”这许多键（打印字符串，不实际播放音乐）
• 类Violin是一个Instrument和plays“优美的音乐”（打印字符串，实际上不播放音乐）
• 一个Person有一个name
• aMusician是一个拥有Instrument和plays这个Instrument的Person
• 一个{}有一个{}{}和{}的音乐会，所有的音乐家都会演奏音乐

在这里，我将每个描述作为class的docstring；然后我按照指示去做

class Instrument:
    """has a type, has a sound, and plays that sound 
    (print a string, don't actually play music)
    """
    def __init__(self, instrument_type, sound):
        self.instrument_type = instrument_type
        self.sound = sound
        
    def play(self):
        print(f'{self.instrument_type}, and plays {self.sound}', end=' ')
      

class Piano(Instrument):
    """an instrument, has a number of keys, and plays 
    'beautiful music on ' this many keys"""
    def __init__(self, num_keys):
        super().__init__('Piano', 'beautiful music')
        self.num_keys = num_keys
        
    def play(self):
        super().play()
        print(f'on {self.num_keys} keys', end=' ')
        
  
class Violin(Instrument):
    """an instrument and plays 'beautiful music'
    """
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__('Violin', 'beautiful music')
    
    # uses the `play` method of the superclass

    
class Person:
    """a Person has a name.
    """
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name


class Musician(Person):
    """a musician is a person who has an instrument 
    and plays this instrument
    """
    def __init__(self, name, instrument):
        super().__init__(name)
        self.instrument = instrument
        
    def play(self):
        print(f'{self.name} is playing the', end=' ')
        self.instrument.play()
       

class Orchestra:
    """an orchestra has a list of musicians and 
    plays a concert where all musicians play music
    """
    def __init__(self, musicians):
        self.musicians = musicians[:]
    def play(self):
        for musician in self.musicians:
            musician.play()
            print()
        

paul = Musician('Paul', Piano(840))   # that's a big Piano! ;-)           
mary = Musician('Mary', Violin())              
jack = Musician('Jack', Violin())  

orchestra = Orchestra([paul,mary, jack])
orchestra.play()

输出：

Paul is playing the Piano, and plays beautiful music on 840 keys 
Mary is playing the Violin, and plays beautiful music 
Jack is playing the Violin, and plays beautiful music