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<p>我有以下问题。我写了一个简单的“TextBasedBrowser”(如果你现在可以称它为browser:D)。到目前为止,使用BS4进行的网站抓取和解析工作非常出色,但其格式非常糟糕,几乎无法阅读。当我尝试使用BS4中的prettify()方法时,它会抛出一个AttributeError。我在谷歌上搜索了很长时间,但什么也没找到。这是我的代码(prettify()方法在那里被注释):</p>
<pre><code>from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import sys
import os
legal_html_tags = ['p', 'a', 'ul', 'ol', 'li', 'h1', 'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6', 'title']
saved_pages = []
def search_url(url):
saved_pages.append(url.rstrip(".com"))
url = requests.get(f'https://{url}')
return url.text
def parse_html(html_page):
final_text = ""
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_page, 'html.parser')
# soup = soup.prettify()
plain_text = soup.find_all(text=True)
for t in plain_text:
if t.parent.name in legal_html_tags:
final_text += '{} '.format(t)
return final_text
def save_webpage(url, tb_dir):
with open(f'{tb_dir}/{url.rstrip(".com")}.txt', 'w', encoding="utf-8") as tab:
tab.write(parse_html(search_url(url)))
def check_url(url):
if url.endswith(".com") or url.endswith(".org") or url.endswith(".net"):
return True
else:
return False
args = sys.argv
directory = args[1]
try:
os.mkdir(directory)
except FileExistsError:
print("Error: File already exists")
while True:
url_ = input()
if url_ == "exit":
break
elif url_ in saved_pages:
with open(f'{directory}/{url_}.txt', 'r', encoding="utf-8") as curr_page:
print(curr_page.read())
elif not check_url(url_):
print("Error: Invalid URL")
else:
save_webpage(url_, directory)
print(parse_html(search_url(url_)))
</code></pre>
<p>这就是错误:</p>
<pre><code>Traceback (most recent call last):
File "browser.py", line 56, in <module>
save_webpage(url_, directory)
File "browser.py", line 29, in save_webpage
tab.write(parse_html(search_url(url)))
File "browser.py", line 20, in parse_html
plain_text = soup.find_all(text=True)
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'find_all'
</code></pre>
<p>如果我在prettify()方法中包含encoding参数,它会抛出“bytes”而不是“str”对象</p>