无法在缺少硬编码延迟的情况下单击网格

Question

我正在尝试使用selenium点击本webpage中提供的Jetzt bewerben。如果我坚持使用硬编码延迟，那么到目前为止我编写的脚本可以点击该网格。我想在不使用任何硬编码延迟的情况下进行单击

我试过：

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

url = "https://jobs.deloitte.de/job/D%C3%BCsseldorf-Werkstudent-%28mwd%29-Administration-Business-Process-Solutions/522320501/"

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)
wait = WebDriverWait(driver,10)

time.sleep(5)
wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"a#bewerben_top > h1"))).click()

How can I click on that grid shaking off hardcoded delay?

Answer 1

按钮不可点击或不可见这一事实没有问题。 问题是Javascript对按钮起了一些“魔力”

您只需等待文档完成即可

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

url = "https://jobs.deloitte.de/job/D%C3%BCsseldorf-Werkstudent-%28mwd%29-Administration-Business-Process-Solutions/522320501/"

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get(url)
wait = WebDriverWait(driver,10)

wait.until(lambda d: d.execute_script("return document.readyState")=='complete')
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("a#bewerben_top > h1").click()

Answer 2

您的定位策略非常完美。然而，有两件事：

• 网站https://jobs.deloitte.de/job/D%C3%BCsseldorf-Werkstudent-%28mwd%29-Administration-Business-Process-Solutions/522320501/的浏览上下文似乎在document.readyState变成complete之前就返回了控件
• 理想情况下，您应该确认接受网站的cookie策略
• 根据最佳实践，在调用click()时，需要为element_to_be_clickable()诱导WebDriverWait

• 您可以使用以下Locator Strategies：

  driver.get("https://jobs.deloitte.de/job/D%C3%BCsseldorf-Werkstudent-%28mwd%29-Administration-Business-Process-Solutions/522320501/")
  WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda driver: driver.execute_script('return document.readyState') == 'complete')
  WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button#cookie-acknowledge"))).click()
  WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a#bewerben_top > h1"))).click()
  

• 注意：您必须添加以下导入：

  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  

• PS：在这种一次性场景中，您可能需要等待jQuery到complete如下所示：

  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(lambda driver: driver.execute_script('return jQuery.active') == 0)