在pygame中单击后如何平滑地移动图像？

Question

我决定改为在pygame中制作我的游戏，以下是我到目前为止编写的代码：

from typing import Tuple
import pygame
from PIL import ImageGrab

# finding the height of the screen by taking a screenshot.
img = ImageGrab.grab()
(WIDTH, HEIGHT) = (img.size)

x = WIDTH / 2 - 470
y = HEIGHT / 2 - 400

fistx1 = x - 80
fistx2 = fistx1;

fisty1 = y + 40

fisty2 = y - 50
pygame.init()

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

RESOLUTION = (WIDTH, HEIGHT)

BACKGROUND_COLOR: Tuple[int, int, int] = (79, 205, 109)

MOVESPEED = 5

# window stuff
window = pygame.display.set_mode(RESOLUTION, flags=pygame.RESIZABLE, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_caption("The Connection")
window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)

running = True

# all images for the game here
player_image = pygame.image.load("Connector.png")
player_fist1_image = pygame.image.load("Connector_hand.png")
player_fist2_image = player_fist1_image

while running:
    pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    clicked = pygame.mouse.get_pressed();
    class Player():
        def __init__(self, hp, image, fist1image, fist2image):
            global fisty1, fistx1, fisty2
            self.hp = hp
            self.image = image
            self.fist1image = fist1image
            self.fist2image = fist2image

            window.blit(self.image, (x, y))
            window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1))
            window.blit(self.fist2image, (fistx2, fisty2))

        def move(self, movespeed):
            global x, y, fistx1, fisty1, fisty2
            if pressed[pygame.K_a]:
                x -= movespeed
                fistx1 -= movespeed
            elif pressed[pygame.K_d]:
                x += movespeed
                fistx1 += movespeed
            elif pressed[pygame.K_w]:
                y -= movespeed
                fisty1 -= movespeed
                fisty2 -= movespeed
            elif pressed[pygame.K_s]:
                y += movespeed
                fisty1 += movespeed
                fisty2 += movespeed

        def deal_damage(self, damage):
            global x, y, fistx1, fisty1
            fistx1 -= 25
            window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR);
            window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1));
            pygame.display.flip();

    # this is the function we use to actually call it. This is more helpful and less confusing for an idiot like me
    def actual_deal():
        main_player.deal_damage(25);


    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
            try:
                pygame.quit()
            except pygame.error:
                pass
        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if event.button == 1:
                actual_deal();

    window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)

    main_player = Player(100, player_image, fist1image=player_fist1_image, fist2image=player_fist2_image)
    main_player.move(movespeed=MOVESPEED)

    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60);

在上下文中，拳头必须向前，然后向后。然而，拳头移动不平稳，这有两个问题：

1. 看起来不太好。我想把这个展示给其他人看，所以我想让它看起来好看

2. 当我收回拳头时，看起来他们一开始并没有向前移动。我不得不在两者之间加上time.sleep，但我不愿意这样做

以下是我打孔时得到的输出： _{放置在扰流器中，因此不会造成干扰}

如你所见，它以块状的方式移动。如果你想看到我想要的输出，那么用WASD键移动角色，看看角色移动有多平稳。我想拳头也一样

如果有必要的话，我将使用pycharm来编写代码，并在命令提示符下运行它。我也有Windows10

最后，我尝试通过以下操作更改帧率：

以下是我已经研究过的问题：

clock.tick(360);

但是没有用

我已研究过这些问题：

---

smooth movement in pygame

https://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/48227/smooth-movement-pygame

Answer 1

我能发现其中的两个。首先，函数和类的定义应该在主循环之外，因为在一个循环中一遍又一遍地定义相同的东西没有任何意义。其次，您要调用pygame.display.flip两次，这是不需要的。翻转只能调用一次，否则会导致闪烁。第三，您正在使用__init__方法进行绘制，并在每一帧创建一个新实例。通常，一个实例只生成一次，并且该实例的一些方法可以对该实例执行某些操作。因此，与其在__init__中绘制，不如创建一个名为draw的新方法

现在回答你的问题，它分块移动，因为：

1. 您一次移动它25帧，因此它一次跳过25像素，并在新位置再次绘制
2. 您正在使用pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN。此函数每次单击仅返回一次true。因此，如果按住鼠标按钮，它将不起作用，因为它在第一帧返回True，然后返回None。要持续更新鼠标状态，需要使用pygame.mouse.get_pressed()

实现了上面提到的所有内容的新代码（注意：我将图像更改为曲面以使其正常工作，所以您可能希望再次将其更改为图像）：

from typing import Tuple
import pygame
from PIL import ImageGrab

# finding the height of the screen by taking a screenshot.
img = ImageGrab.grab()
(WIDTH, HEIGHT) = (img.size)

x = WIDTH / 2 - 470
y = HEIGHT / 2 - 400

fistx1 = x - 80
fistx2 = fistx1;

fisty1 = y + 40

fisty2 = y - 50
pygame.init()

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

RESOLUTION = (WIDTH, HEIGHT)

BACKGROUND_COLOR: Tuple[int, int, int] = (79, 205, 109)

MOVESPEED = 5

# window stuff
window = pygame.display.set_mode(RESOLUTION, flags=pygame.RESIZABLE, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_caption("The Connection")
window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)

running = True

# all images for the game here
player_image = pygame.Surface((50, 50)).convert()
player_fist1_image = pygame.Surface((10, 10)).convert()
player_fist2_image = player_fist1_image

class Player():
    def __init__(self, hp, image, fist1image, fist2image):
        global fisty1, fistx1, fisty2
        self.hp = hp
        self.image = image
        self.fist1image = fist1image
        self.fist2image = fist2image

    def move(self, movespeed):
        global x, y, fistx1, fisty1, fisty2
        if pressed[pygame.K_a]:
            x -= movespeed
            fistx1 -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_d]:
            x += movespeed
            fistx1 += movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_w]:
            y -= movespeed
            fisty1 -= movespeed
            fisty2 -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_s]:
            y += movespeed
            fisty1 += movespeed
            fisty2 += movespeed

    def draw(self):
        window.blit(self.image, (x, y))
        window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1))
        window.blit(self.fist2image, (fistx2, fisty2))

    def deal_damage(self, damage):
        global x, y, fistx1, fisty1
        mousePressed = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
        if mousePressed[0]:
            fistx1 -= 1
        window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR);
        window.blit(self.fist1image, (fistx1, fisty1));
        #pygame.display.flip();

main_player = Player(100, player_image, fist1image=player_fist1_image, fist2image=player_fist2_image)

# this is the function we use to actually call it. This is more helpful and less confusing for an idiot like me
def actual_deal():
    main_player.deal_damage(25);

while running:
    pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    clicked = pygame.mouse.get_pressed();

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
            try:
                pygame.quit()
            except pygame.error:
                pass

    window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)
    main_player.move(movespeed=MOVESPEED)
    main_player.deal_damage(50)
    main_player.draw()

    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60);

Edit：忘记提到这个，但是您在deal_damage方法中使用了damage参数，但没有使用它

Answer 2

添加到@hippozipos答案中。使用class的一大好处是不需要使用global变量。您只需将它们设置为属性

您还试图在游戏循环中退出。 如果running是False，它将退出游戏循环并自行退出

也不需要在循环外填充，因为它每帧都被填充

我提供了一个如何实现这一目标的最简单的工作示例

import pygame
from PIL import ImageGrab

class Player():
    def __init__(self, img, x, y, window):
        self.fist = img
        self.pos = (x - 80, y + 40)
        self.win = window

    def move(self, movespeed, pressed):
        # here we maintain the players position with self.pos
        # this allows you to have multiple instances
        # with different positions
        x, y = self.pos
        if pressed[pygame.K_a]:
            x -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_d]:
            x += movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_w]:
            y -= movespeed
        elif pressed[pygame.K_s]:
            y += movespeed

        self.pos = (x, y)
    
    def display(self):
        self.win.blit(self.fist, self.pos)

pygame.init()
screenshot = ImageGrab.grab()
WIDTH, HEIGHT = screenshot.size
RESOLUTION = (WIDTH, HEIGHT)
BACKGROUND_COLOR = (79, 205, 109)
MOVESPEED = 5

window = pygame.display.set_mode(RESOLUTION, flags=pygame.RESIZABLE, depth=32)
pygame.display.set_caption("The Connection")

clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# this is whatever your image is
img = pygame.image.load('fist.png')
x = int(WIDTH / 2 - 470)
y = int(HEIGHT / 2 - 400)
main_player = Player(img=img, x=x, y=y, window=window)

running = True
while running:
    pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False

    main_player.move(movespeed=MOVESPEED, pressed=pressed)

    window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)
    main_player.display()

    pygame.display.flip()
    clock.tick(60)