无法在Raspberry PI 4（adafruit\u Circython\u Neopix）上安装Pip包

Question

我试图在运行Raspbian Buster/RetroPi的Raspberry Pi 4上安装上面的库

安装程序收集包，然后在setup.py上失败，说明：

* Setup can't determine the value of PAGE_SIZE on your system, so it will
    * default to 4096 which may not be correct.

尝试了更多诊断/故障排除：

• 我以前在Raspberry Pi 3上安装过相同的软件包，没有问题（我认为它也在运行Buster）
• 我已经设法使用pip3 install在pi4上安装了其他python包，例如tornado、colorzero等等
• 我已经运行了sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade+重新启动-没有帮助
• 我尝试过python 2（pip install pip install adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel）-同样的错误

任何帮助都将不胜感激-谢谢

完全错误：

pip3 install adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
  Using cached adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel-6.0.3.tar.gz (28 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-Blinka
  Using cached Adafruit-Blinka-6.4.2.tar.gz (122 kB)
Collecting adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf>=2.0.0
  Using cached adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf-2.2.4.tar.gz (28 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-PlatformDetect>=3.1.0
  Using cached Adafruit-PlatformDetect-3.5.0.tar.gz (29 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-PureIO>=1.1.7
  Using cached Adafruit_PureIO-1.1.8.tar.gz (26 kB)
Collecting pyftdi>=0.40.0
  Using cached pyftdi-0.52.9-py3-none-any.whl (139 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: RPi.GPIO in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (0.7.0)
Collecting rpi_ws281x>=4.0.0
  Using cached rpi_ws281x-4.2.6.tar.gz (63 kB)
Collecting sysv_ipc>=1.1.0
  Using cached sysv_ipc-1.1.0.tar.gz (99 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: pyusb>=1.0.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from pyftdi>=0.40.0->Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (1.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pyserial>=3.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from pyftdi>=0.40.0->Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (3.5)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-Blinka, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-PlatformDetect, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-PureIO, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for rpi-ws281x, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for sysv-ipc, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: sysv-ipc, rpi-ws281x, pyftdi, Adafruit-PureIO, Adafruit-PlatformDetect, Adafruit-Blinka, adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf, adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
    Running setup.py install for sysv-ipc ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-d842td8m/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/pi/.local/include/python3.7m/sysv-ipc
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/
    Complete output (19 lines):
    ******************************************************************************
    * Setup can't determine the value of PAGE_SIZE on your system, so it will
    * default to 4096 which may not be correct.
    *
    * Please report this message and your operating system info to the package
    * maintainer listed in the README file.
    ******************************************************************************
    running install
    running build
    running build_ext
    building 'sysv_ipc' extension
    creating build
    creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7
    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I/usr/include/python3.7m -c sysv_ipc_module.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/sysv_ipc_module.o
    sysv_ipc_module.c:32:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include "Python.h"
              ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-d842td8m/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/pi/.local/include/python3.7m/sysv-ipc Check the logs for full command output.

Answer 1

确保pip使用piwheels.org作为附加索引-piwheels为所有包构建预编译的控制盘，因此您不必自己编译它们

标准Raspberry Pi OS通过添加包含以下内容的/etc/pip.conf预先配置pip以使用它：

[global]
extra-index-url=https://www.piwheels.org/simple

或者，在pip命令中指定它，例如：

pip3 install xxx  extra-index-url https://www.piwheels.org/simple

您可以在piwheels.org上阅读更多内容并查看特定的软件包

Answer 2

超级巨星建议sudo apt install python3-dev-这很有效

我不知道为什么会这样，因为This post表明它用于Python扩展，而不是常规库

它显然包含PythonC头，因此可能出于某种原因，库需要这些头