如何修复“AttributeError:部分初始化的模块“SendEmail”没有“send_email”（很可能是由于循环导入）属性

Question

因此，我正在使用Tkinter创建一个Gmail发件人应用程序，我有一个名为send_email的功能，它位于SendEmail.py中。但每次我运行代码时，都会出现以下错误：

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1885, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\User\Desktop\Coding\Python\GmailSenderApp\Main.py", line 114, in <lambda>
    send = tk.Button(mainframe, text="Send Email", font=('Calibri', 15), command=lambda: SendEmail.send_email())
AttributeError: partially initialized module 'SendEmail' has no attribute 'send_email' (most likely due to a circular import)

在Main.py中，我导入SendMail.py，因为它包含发送电子邮件的功能 下面是Main.py代码：

import tkinter as tk
import time
from tkinter import filedialog
import SendEmail

# Main Screen
root = tk.Tk()
root.resizable(False, False)
root.title('Mail Sender')

# Icon
icon = tk.PhotoImage(file='icon.png')
root.iconphoto(False, icon)

# Canvas
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, height=600, width=700)
canvas.pack()

# title
titleFrame = tk.Frame(root)
titleFrame.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.025, relwidth=0.75, relheight=0.1, anchor='n')

title = tk.Label(titleFrame, text="Mail Sender", font=('Calibri', 20))
title.pack()

# Main frame
mainframe = tk.Frame(root, bg='#80c1ff', bd=10)
mainframe.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.15, relwidth=1, relheight=0.85, anchor='n')

# Email
email = tk.Label(mainframe, text="Enter Email:", font=('Calibri', 15))
email.place(y=2.5)

email_str = tk.StringVar()

emailEntry = tk.Entry(mainframe, textvariable=email_str, font=('Calibri', 15))
emailEntry.place(y=35, width=300)

# password
password = tk.Label(mainframe, text="Enter Password:", font=('Calibri', 15))
password.place(y=80)

password_str = tk.StringVar()

passwordEntry = tk.Entry(mainframe, textvariable=password_str, show="\u2022", font=('Calibri', 15))
passwordEntry.place(y=115, width=300)

# receiver
receiver = tk.Label(mainframe, text="Enter Receiver Email:", font=('Calibri', 15))
receiver.place(y=150)

receiver_str = tk.StringVar()

receiverEntry = tk.Entry(mainframe, textvariable=receiver_str, font=('Calibri', 15))
receiverEntry.place(y=185, width=300)

# subject
subject = tk.Label(mainframe, text="Enter Subject:", font=('Calibri', 15))
subject.place(y=220)

subject_str = tk.StringVar()

subjectEntry = tk.Entry(mainframe, textvariable=subject_str, font=('Calibri', 15))
subjectEntry.place(y=255, width=300)

# body
body = tk.Label(mainframe, text="Enter Body:", font=('Calibri', 15))
body.place(x=500, y=2.5)

body_str = tk.StringVar()

bodyEntry = tk.Text(mainframe)
bodyEntry.place(x=380, y=35, width=300)

# notification
notif = tk.Label(mainframe, bg='#80c1ff', font=('Calibri', 15))
notif.place(x=250, y=450)

# attachments array
attachments = []


# add attacments function
def add_attachments():
    filename = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir='C:/', title="Select a file to attach to the email")
    attachments.append(filename)

    notif.config(text="Attached " + str(len(attachments)) + " file", fg="green")

    root.update()
    time.sleep(2.5)

    notif.config(text="")


def reset_entries():
    emailEntry.delete(0, 'end')
    passwordEntry.delete(0, 'end')
    receiverEntry.delete(0, 'end')
    subjectEntry.delete(0, 'end')
    bodyEntry.delete("1.0", "end-1c")

    notif.config(text="Entries were reset", fg="green")

    root.update()
    time.sleep(2.5)

    notif.config(text="")


# send button
send = tk.Button(mainframe, text="Send Email", font=('Calibri', 15), command=lambda: SendEmail.send_email())
send.place(y=310, width=150)

# reset button
reset = tk.Button(mainframe, text="Reset", font=('Calibri', 15), command=lambda: ResetEntries.reset_entries())
reset.place(x=220, y=310, width=150)

# attachments button
attachment = tk.Button(mainframe, text="Add Attachments", font=('Calibri', 15), command=lambda: add_attachments())
attachment.place(x=90, y=365, width=200)

# Main loop
root.mainloop()

在SendMail.py中，我导入了Main.py，因为我使用的是该文件中的变量 以下是SendMain.py代码：

import Main
import smtplib
import time
from email.message import EmailMessage


# send function
def send_email():
    try:
        msg = EmailMessage()

        emailText = Main.email_str.get()
        passwordText = Main.password_str.get()
        receiverText = Main.receiver_str.get()
        subjectText = Main.subject_str.get()
        bodyText = Main.bodyEntry.get("1.0", "end-1c")

        msg['Subject'] = subjectText
        msg['From'] = emailText
        msg['To'] = receiverText
        msg.set_content(bodyText)

        if emailText == "" or passwordText == "" or receiverText == "" or subjectText == "" or bodyText == "":
            Main.notif.config(text="All fields are required!", fg="red")

            Main.root.update()
            time.sleep(2.5)

            Main.notif.config(text="")
            return
        else:
            server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
            server.starttls()
            server.login(emailText, passwordText)
            server.send_message(msg)

            Main.emailEntry.delete(0, 'end')
            Main.passwordEntry.delete(0, 'end')
            Main.receiverEntry.delete(0, 'end')
            Main.subjectEntry.delete(0, 'end')
            Main.bodyEntry.delete("1.0", "end-1c")

            Main.notif.config(text="Email Sent!", fg="green")

            Main.root.update()
            time.sleep(2.5)

            Main.notif.config(text="")
    except:
        Main.notif.config(text="There was a error please try again", fg="red")

        Main.root.update()
        time.sleep(2.5)

        Main.notif.config(text="")

有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？我被困在这里，我想不出来。提前谢谢

Answer 1

您正试图从导入文件的文件导入该文件。这导致了circular import。相反，您应该将两个文件中所需的代码放在第三个文件中，并将其导入两个文件中

请参见下面的示例

variables.py

foo = "bar"

main.py

import variables
import second

print(foo)

second.py

import variables

print(foo)

对于您的示例，您需要将notif、root、emailEntry、passwordEntry、receiverEntry、subjectEntry和bodyEntry以及它们所依赖的内容移动到另一个文件中