如何获取对象中的字典变量？

Question

我在写一个类似口袋妖怪的转身基地战斗模拟器。我已经很好了，但我有个问题。我试着把动作写成字典，这样我就可以为它的对象中的每个怪物指定动作集。这样我就有了一本字典，里面有他们所有的动作和伤害。然后我就把这些动作传给怪物。这使我可以给每个怪物唯一的移动集，而不必指定每次移动造成的伤害。我遇到的问题是在while循环中，当用户选择攻击时，我得到了错误

AttributeError: 'set' object has no attribute 'get'

我试着让用户输入攻击，这样它就可以从怪物1hp中获得伤害并减去它

如果我把字典放在对象中，它可以正常工作，但是每个对象都必须有自己的字典，我只想为所有移动设置一个字典，然后为移动集中的每个对象指定移动，如果这有意义的话。你知道吗

import random

class Monster:
  def __init__(self, name, types, hp, region, disc, strength, weakness, moveset):
    self.name = name
    self.type = types
    self.hp = hp
    self.region = region
    self.disc = disc
    self.strength = strength
    self.weakness = weakness
    self.moveset = moveset

moves_dict = {
    "hyperbeam": 14, 
    "flames": 34,
    "water": 27,
    "cent": 33,
    }


Ariol = Monster("Ariol", "shadow", 1000, "Xevor", "A monster from hell", "psychic", "electricity", {"hyperbeam", "flames", "water", "cent"})
Xenos = Monster("Xenos", "shadow", 300, "Xevor", "A monster from hell", "psychic", "electricity", {"hyperbeam", "flames", "water", "cent"})
Siance = Monster("Siance", "shadow", 500, "Xevor", "A monster from hell", "psychic", "electricity", {"hyperbeam", "flames", "water", "cent"})
Mammy = Monster("Mammy", "shadow", 3000, "Xevor", "A monster from hell", "psychic", "electricity", {"hyperbeam", "flames", "water", "cent"})

def choose_monster():

    monster_menu = {
    "Ariol" : Ariol,
    "Xenos" : Xenos,
    "Siance" : Siance,
    "Mammy" : Mammy,

    }

    #choosemonster
    trainer_monster = input("What monster do you want to use?\n")
    #variable is holding monster chosen
    monster_chosen1 = monster_menu.get(trainer_monster)
    #get monster 1 hp
    computer_choose = random.choice(list(monster_menu))
    computer_chosen1 = monster_menu[computer_choose]
    print("You chose", monster_chosen1.name,"!")
    print("Your opponenet chose", computer_chosen1.name, "!")

    #this dict not used
    moveset_dict = {
    "1": 14, 
    "2": 34,
    "3": 27,
    "4": 33,
    }

    #how to get monster hp from above
    #monster1hp = Ariol.hp
    monster1hp = monster_chosen1.hp
    monster2hp = computer_chosen1.hp

    while monster1hp or monster2hp <= 0:
            #monster1 moveset
            for x in monster_chosen1.moveset:
                print(x)
            choose_attack = input("What move would you like to use?\n")
            attack_chosen = monster_chosen1.moveset.get(choose_attack)
            monster2hp = monster2hp - attack_chosen
            print(monster_chosen1.name, "used ", attack_chosen, computer_chosen1.name, "has", monster2hp, "hp")
            if monster2hp <= 0:
                print(computer_chosen1.name, "was knocked out", monster_chosen1.name, "wins!")
                break
            attack_chosen = random.choice(list(computer_chosen1.moveset))
            monster1hp -= computer_chosen1.moveset[attack_chosen]
            print(computer_chosen1.name, "used", attack_chosen, monster_chosen1.name, "has", monster1hp, "hp")
            if monster1hp <= 0:
                print(monster_chosen1.name, "was knocked out", computer_chosen1.name, "wins!")
                break

    else:
        print("Battle over")


choose_monster()

Answer 1

你的问题是这条线（我只举一个怪物为例）

Ariol = Monster("Ariol", "shadow", 1000, "Xevor", "A monster from hell", "psychic", "electricity", {"hyperbeam", "flames", "water", "cent"})

在这里你把他的攻击定义为一系列的选择。集合没有get方法。你知道吗

所以你必须从移动中获取dmg值：

choose_attack = input("What move would you like to use?\n")
while not choose_attack in monster_chosen1.moveset: #check if the move is in the moveset
    choose_attack = input("Invalid Move\n") # if not in the moveset try again
attack_chosen = moves_dict.get(choose_attack) # take the dmg value from the moves_dict which has a get method.

当然，如果你想让每个怪物有不同的dmg值，你可以用dict来替换这个集合，这样你就可以用dmg值来玩游戏，这会使dict的动作过时。你知道吗

类似的变化与计算机选择的攻击有关。但因为他总是选择有效的动作，所以他当然不需要一个while循环。但是dmg值必须从dict中取出来

monster1hp -= moves_dict[attack_chosen]

Answer 2

问题最后一段的一个解决方案是：

您可以在类中设置字典而不使用self，当您为其中一个对象更新字典时，它也会为所有其他对象更新字典。这称为类变量。你知道吗

下面是我编写的一个示例，向您展示我的意思：

class testGlobal:
    def __init__(self):
        here_for_no_real_reason = True

    testDict = {'hello': 'hello', 'goodbye': 'goodbye'}


def driver():
    obj1 = testGlobal()
    obj2 = testGlobal()

    print(obj1.testDict)
    print(obj2.testDict)

    obj1.testDict["I'm new"] = "I'm new"
    obj2.testDict['hello'] = "goodbye"

    print(obj1.testDict)
    print(obj2.testDict)


driver()

输出：

{'hello': 'hello', 'goodbye': 'goodbye'}
{'hello': 'hello', 'goodbye': 'goodbye'}
{'hello': 'goodbye', 'goodbye': 'goodbye', "I'm new": "I'm new"}
{'hello': 'goodbye', 'goodbye': 'goodbye', "I'm new": "I'm new"}

从这个输出可以看出，当您使用obj1更改字典中的某些内容时，它也会更改obj2的内容，反之亦然。希望这有帮助！你知道吗

如果您还有任何问题，请告诉我，我很乐意帮助您