guie中的Python方法和类

Question

我正在尝试使用Python类创建GUI。因为我是Python新手，所以我仍在学习如何排除错误。下面，我希望创建一个名为Plot\u Seismo的类，并创建一个包含列表框、退出按钮和“Plot”按钮的GUI。我在课堂上的“绘图按钮”有问题。我想要这个按钮做的是读取地震记录，然后从列表框中绘制所选的地震记录。我觉得我的语法不正确（因为我太天真）。当这个函数不在类中时，我可以让它工作，但是当我把它作为方法放在类中时，我会有点困惑。错误消息如下所示：

#!/usr/bin/env python
from Tkinter import *
from obspy.core import read
import math


class Plot_Seismo:
    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.master = parent
        top = Frame(parent, width=500, height=300)
        top.pack(side='top')

        # create frame to hold the first widget row:
        hwframe = Frame(top)
        # this frame (row) is packed from top to bottom (in the top frame):
        hwframe.pack(side='top')
        # create label in the frame:
        font = 'times 18 bold'
        hwtext = Label(hwframe, text='Seismogram Reader GUI', font=('Arial',18,'bold'), fg="red")
        hwtext.pack(side='top')

        ### ListBox
        List1 = Listbox(root, width=50, height= 10)
        List1.insert(1,"trace1.BHZ")
        List1.insert(2,"trace2.BHZ")
        List1.pack(padx=20, pady=20)


        plot_button = Button(top, text='Plot Seismogram', command=self.plot_seis)
        plot_button.pack(side='top', anchor='w', padx=45, pady=20)
        self.event = read(List1.get(List1.curselection()[0]))

        # finally, make a quit button and a binding of q to quit:
        quit_button = Button(top, text='Quit Seismo-Reader GUI', command=self.quit)
        quick_button.pack(side='top', anchor='w', padx=20, pady=20)
        self.master.bind('<q>', self.quit)

    def quit(self, event=None):
        self.master.quit()

    def plot_seis(self, event=None):
        self.event.plot()

root = Tk()
Plot_Seismo = Plot_Seismo(root)
root.mainloop()

Error Message:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "plot_seismogram.py", line 46, in <module>
    Plot_Seismo = Plot_Seismo(root)
  File "plot_seismogram.py", line 31, in __init__
    self.event = read(List1.get(List1.curselection()[0]))
IndexError: tuple index out of range

Answer 1

因为我没有安装obspy模块，所以我不得不将您的代码缩小一点，但您应该明白这一点。你知道吗

因为我的机器上只运行Python3，所以我将您的代码重写为Python3，这不是什么大事。唯一的区别应该是（tkinter而不是Tkinter和print()而不是print）。你知道吗

我更改了代码的一些部分：listbox没有使用列表填充，这使它变得更容易，并且它成为了在plot_seis中访问它的类属性。你知道吗

由于.curselection()返回一个带有Listboxs项索引的元组，因此我们必须get相应的文本项，如docs和this answer中所述。你知道吗

按钮和listbox可能提供了一些事件处理特性，这些特性通过使用self.使listbox成为一个类属性，但它确实起到了作用：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding: utf-8

from tkinter import *
# from obspy.core import read
import math


class Plot_Seismo:
    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.master = parent
        top = Frame(parent, width=500, height=300)
        top.pack(side='top')

        # create frame to hold the first widget row:
        hwframe = Frame(top)
        # this frame (row) is packed from top to bottom (in the top frame):
        hwframe.pack(side='top')
        # create label in the frame:
        font = 'times 18 bold'
        hwtext = Label(hwframe, text='Seismogram Reader GUI', font=('Arial',18,'bold'), fg="red")
        hwtext.pack(side='top')

        ### ListBox
        self.List1 = Listbox(root, width=50, height= 10)
        # populate listbox using a list with desired entries
        self.list_entries = ["trace1.BHZ", "trace2.BHZ"]
        for i, element in enumerate(self.list_entries):
            self.List1.insert(i, element)
        self.List1.pack(padx=20, pady=20)

        plot_button = Button(top, text='Plot Seismogram', command=self.plot_seis)
        plot_button.pack(side='top', anchor='w', padx=45, pady=20)

        # finally, make a quit button and a binding of q to quit:
        quit_button = Button(top, text='Quit Seismo-Reader GUI', command=self.quit)
        quit_button.pack(side='top', anchor='w', padx=20, pady=20)
        self.master.bind('<q>', self.quit)

    def quit(self, event=None):
        self.master.quit()

    def plot_seis(self, event=None):
        selection_index = self.List1.curselection()[0]
        selection_text = self.List1.get(selection_index)
        print(selection_text)

        # do something with `read` from the `obspy.core` module
        # read(selection_text)


root = Tk()
Plot_Seismo = Plot_Seismo(root)
root.mainloop()