构造函数参数太多

Question

我遇到这样的问题，为了实例化类，我必须向构造函数传递很多参数。我不知道如何解决这个问题。你知道吗

user = SpecialStudent(John, Doe, johndoe@example.com, 0612345678, 9988778, hello)

class User(Base):
    def __init__(self, name, surname, email):
        self.name = name
        self.surname = surname
        self.email = email

class Student(User):
    def __init__(self, name, surname, email, phone, student_number):
        super(Student, self).__init__(name, surname, email)
        self.phone = phone
        self.student_number = student_number

class SpecialStudent(Student):
    def __init__(self, name, surname, email, phone, student_number, random_param):
        super(SpecialStudent, self).__init__(name, surname, email, phone, student_number)
        self.random_param = random_param

我已经考虑过builder模式或工厂，但是我不知道哪个模式可以解决这个问题，或者是否有其他方法可以解决这个问题。你知道吗

Answer 1

小改动后：

class User(object):
    def __init__(self, name, surname, email):
        self.name = name
        self.surname = surname
        self.email = email

class Student(User):
    def __init__(self, name, surname, email, phone, student_number):
        super(Student, self).__init__(name, surname, email)
        self.phone = phone
        self.student_number = student_number

class SpecialStudent(Student):
    def __init__(self, name, surname, email, phone, student_number, random_param):
        super(SpecialStudent, self).__init__(name, surname, email, phone, student_number)
        self.random_param = random_param

user = SpecialStudent("John", "Doe", "johndoe@example.com", "0612345678", "9988778", "hello")

1. 未定义基类
2. 在类声明之前不要使用构造函数
3. 您的输入没有声明（在我的代码中，所有输入都是字符串）