我在Tkinter上运行的代码有什么问题？

Question

我是Python的Tkinter的新手，我想创建一个在其上运行的程序。但是，我的代码不能正常工作。你知道吗

from tkinter import *

def conv1(self):
    gbp0 = 174000000
    galleons0 = 34000872
    sickles0 = 14
    knuts0 = 7

    galleons1 = float(galleons0 + sickles0 / 17 + knuts0 / 29 / 17)
    fracture = float(gbp0 / galleons1)
    convert1 = Toplevel(root)
    convert1.title("Pounds Sterling (GBP) to Galleons, Sickles and Knuts Converter")

    label1_1 = Label(convert1, text="Type the amount of money in GBP that you would like to convert to Galleons, Sickles and Knuts and press Enter.")
    label1_2 = Label(convert1, text="1 Galleon = 5.12 GBP")
    label1_3 = Label(convert1, text='GBP:')

    label1_1.pack()
    label1_2.pack()
    label1_3.pack()

    usergbpvar = DoubleVar()
    usergbp = Entry(convert1, textvariable=usergbpvar)
    usergbp.pack()

    a = float(usergbpvar.get() / fracture)

    galleons = int(a // 1)
    a = (a % 1) * 17

    sickles = int(a // 1)
    a = (a % 1) * 29

    if (a % 1) == 0.5:
        knuts = int(round(a, 0))
        knuts += 1
    else:
        knuts = int(round(a, 0))

    galleons, sickles, knuts = str(galleons), str(sickles), str(knuts)

    label1_4 = Label(convert1, text=galleons)
    label1_5 = Label(convert1, text=sickles)
    label1_6 = Label(convert1, text=knuts)

    label1_4.pack()
    label1_5.pack()
    label1_6.pack()

    convert1.mainloop()

root = Tk()
btn1 = Button(root, text='GBP to Galleons, Sickles and Knuts', bg='#555', fg='#ccc', font='16')
btn1.pack()
btn1.bind('<Button-1>', conv1)
root.mainloop()

它应该从输入的数字中计算出三个数字，并在屏幕上显示出来。然而，当我运行程序，按下按钮后，我看到所有的数字已经在那里，他们是0。我输入号码后，什么也没变。你知道吗

你能告诉我代码中的问题在哪里吗？你知道吗

Answer 1

问题/问题1：

when I run the program, after pressing the button I see that all the numbers are already there and they are 0.

当你打电话的时候 label1_4=Label(convert1, text=galleons) label1_4.pack() 这告诉tkinter立即用给定的值显示标签，例如galleons代表label1\u 4，即0（其他标签相同）。这不是问题，因为输入框的值应该是0。你知道吗

问题2：

After I enter my number, nothing is changed.

实际上，您并没有告诉程序更新标签的值。正如TornaxO7所说，您需要绑定enter（return）键来调用函数usergbp.bind("<Return>", calculation_function_here)

我已经编辑了您的代码以提供面向对象的方法。我建议您在开发过程中探索这种方法，可能需要多个窗口。Best way to structure a tkinter application?

from tkinter import *

class gui_window:

    def __init__(self, master):
        # setup gui
        self.master = master 
        self.master.wait_visibility() # attempt to fix traceback error, see Problem/question 3 below

        self.master.grab_set() # stops button1 creating another gui_window instance
        self.master.title('Pounds Sterling (GBP) to Galleons, Sickles and Knuts Converter')

        self.label1_1=Label(master, text="Type the amount of money in GBP that you would like to convert to Galleons, Sickles and Knuts and press Enter.")
        self.label1_1.pack()

        self.label1_2=Label(master, text="1 Galleon = 5.12 GBP")
        self.label1_2.pack()

        self.label1_3=Label(master, text='GBP:')
        self.label1_3.pack()

        self.usergbpvar=DoubleVar()
        self.usergbp=Entry(master, textvariable=self.usergbpvar)
        self.usergbp.bind("<Return>", self.calculate) # when user presses enter call the conversion function
        self.usergbp.pack()

        label1_4_1 = Label(self.master, text = 'Galleons:').pack(anchor = 'w')
        self.label1_4=Label(self.master, text='0', anchor = 'e')
        self.label1_4.pack()

        label1_5_1 = Label(self.master, text = 'Sickles:').pack(anchor = 'w')
        self.label1_5=Label(self.master, text='0', anchor = 'e')
        self.label1_5.pack()

        label1_6_1 = Label(self.master, text = 'Knuts:').pack(anchor = 'w')
        self.label1_6=Label(self.master, text='0')
        self.label1_6.pack()


        self.gbp0=174000000
        self.galleons0=34000872
        self.sickles0=14
        self.knuts0=7
        self.galleons1=float(self.galleons0+self.sickles0/17+self.knuts0/29/17)
        self.fracture=float(self.gbp0/self.galleons1)

    def calculate(self, event):
        # do calculation
        a=float(self.usergbpvar.get()/self.fracture)
        galleons=int(a//1)
        a=a%1
        a=a*17
        sickles=int(a//1)
        a=a%1
        a=a*29
        if a%1==0.5:
            knuts=int(round(a, 0))
            knuts=knuts+1
        else:
            knuts=int(round(a, 0))
        galleons=str(galleons)
        sickles=str(sickles)
        knuts=str(knuts)

        # update the labels to reflect the calculation
        self.label1_4.config(text=galleons)
        self.label1_5.config(text=sickles)
        self.label1_6.config(text=knuts)



def create_gui(self):
    # create a gui_window Toplevel instance 
    convert1=Toplevel() 
    gui_window(convert1)

root=Tk()
btn1=Button(root, text='GBP to Galleons, Sickles and Knuts', bg='#555', fg='#ccc', font='16')
btn1.pack()
btn1.bind('<Button-1>', create_gui) # call function to make next window
root.mainloop()

问题/评论中的问题3： 我相信错误：tkinter.TclError: grab failed: window not viewable取决于您的操作系统。我无法在Mac OS上重现此错误，但添加self.master.wait_visibility()（添加到我的代码中）可能会解决此问题： python tkinter treeview not allowing modal window with direct binding like on_rightclick

Answer 2

我猜你忘了绑定Return-键。
您应该在方法中添加convert1.bind("<Return>", *your function*)。
“你的函数”是改变数字的函数。你知道吗