基于OptionMenu的选择运行命令

Question

如何调整它，以便在从菜单中选择xyz17时运行函数xyz17()？你知道吗

我知道command = xyz17，但我不确定如何使其动态化，从而取决于菜单选择。你知道吗

from tkinter import *

def xyz17():
    print('xyz17')
def abc27():
    print('abc27')
def qwe90():
    print('qwe90')
def uio19():
    print('uio19')
def jkl09():
    print('jkl09')
def zxc28():
    print('zxc28')

class Menu(OptionMenu):
    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):
        self.var = StringVar(master)
        self.var.set(status)
        OptionMenu.__init__(self, master, self.var, *options)

def main():        
    TopFrame = Frame(root)
    TopFrame.pack()

    Menu1 = Menu(TopFrame, 'xyz', 'xyz17','abc27','qwe90')
    Menu2 = Menu(TopFrame, 'uio', 'uio19','jkl09','zxc28')

    Menu1.pack()
    Menu2.pack()

root = Tk()
main()
root.mainloop()

请注意，函数的每个priniting值只是一个例子，我希望代码运行函数本身。我知道这一点：

class Menu(OptionMenu):
    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):
        self.var = StringVar(master)
        self.var.set(status)
        OptionMenu.__init__(self, master, self.var, *options, command=self.func)
    def func(self,value):
        print (value)

但是，这与我的场景无关，因为它只是获取值并打印它，我希望它实际运行函数本身。你知道吗

Answer 1

如果要为选项运行特定的方法，只需检查发送的字符串并使用if/elif语句基于字符串选择方法：

from tkinter import *


def xyz17():
    print('xyz17')
def abc27():
    print('abc27')
def qwe90():
    print('qwe90')
def uio19():
    print('uio19')
def jkl09():
    print('jkl09')
def zxc28():
    print('zxc28')

class Menu(OptionMenu):
    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):
        self.var = StringVar(master)
        self.var.set(status)
        OptionMenu.__init__(self, master, self.var, *options, command=self.option_handle)


    def option_handle(self, selected):
        # above specific case is simply print(selected) but
        if selected == "xyz17":
            xyz17()
        elif selected == "abc27":
            abc27()
        elif selected == "qwe90":
            qwe90()
        elif selected == "uio19":
            uio19()
        elif selected == "jkl09":
            jkl09()
        elif selected == "zxc28":
            zxc28()
        # if you specifically want to call methods that has exactly
        # the same name as options
        # eval(selected + "()")


def main():        
    TopFrame = Frame(root)
    TopFrame.pack()

    Menu1 = Menu(TopFrame, 'xyz', 'xyz17','abc27','qwe90')
    Menu2 = Menu(TopFrame, 'uio', 'uio19','jkl09','zxc28')

    Menu1.pack()
    Menu2.pack()

root = Tk()
main()
root.mainloop()

Answer 2

基于选项菜单选择运行命令的一种方法是使用函数字典：func_dict = {option: function, ...}，然后将以下函数传递给OptionMenu的command选项：

def func(value):
    func_dict[value]() 

执行与所选选项对应的函数。你知道吗

举个例子：

from tkinter import *

options = ['xyz', 'xyz17', 'abc27', 'qwe90', 'uio', 'uio19', 'jkl09', 'zxc28']
func_dict = {option: lambda opt=option: print(opt) for option in options}

class Menu(OptionMenu):
    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):
        self.var = StringVar(master)
        self.var.set(status)
        OptionMenu.__init__(self, master, self.var, *options, command=self.func)

    def func(self, option):
        func_dict[option]()

def main():        
    topFrame = Frame(root)
    topFrame.pack()

    menu1 = Menu(topFrame, 'xyz', 'xyz17','abc27','qwe90')
    menu2 = Menu(topFrame, 'uio', 'uio19','jkl09','zxc28')

    menu1.pack()
    menu2.pack()

root = Tk()
main()
root.mainloop()