当我尝试用字典值（也是整数）乘以整数时，它给出的答案毫无意义

Question

当我运行程序并输入值3，1，1时，将一个杯子转换成汤匙，它使用底部的TOtbsp函数。为了排除故障，我让它在最终结果之前打印出四个变量。这些变量都打印出正确的结果

def TOtbsp ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: tablespoons')
    dictEnt = dCallOne['tbsp']
    print (dCallOne['tbsp'])
    print (dCallOne)
    print (dictEnt)
    print (convFactor)
    calc = convFactor * dictEnt
    print(calc)

^这是TOtbsp函数，结果是：

将杯子转换为：汤匙

16
{'tbsp': 16, 'tsp': 48, 'quart': 0.25, 'floz': 8.32674, 'pint':0.5,'gal':0.0625, 'ml': 236.588, 'liter': 0.236588}
16
1
1111111111111111

这些都是正确的，除了最后一个calc。我尝试了几种不同的方法：

calc = convFactor * dictEnt
calc = (convFactor * dictEnt)
calc = (convFactor * dCallOne['tbsp'])
calc = (convFactor * (dCallOne['tbsp'])
(convFactor * dictEnt) = calc
(convFactor * (dCallOne['tbsp']) = calc
convFactor * dictEnt = calc
(convFactor * dCallOne['tbsp']) = calc

据我所知，所有这些，也许是最下面的四个，应该得到正确的答案，因为convFactor，dictEnt，和dCallOne都得到整数。你知道吗

完整代码如下。你知道吗

import os

tbsp = {'tbsp' : 1 ,
        'cup' : 0.0625 ,
        'tsp' : 3 ,
        'quart' : 0.015625 ,
        'floz' : 0.5 ,
        'pint' : 0.03125 ,
        'gal' : 0.00390625 ,
        'ml' : 14.7868 ,
        'liter' : 0.0147868}
tsp = {'cup' : 0.0208333 , 'tbsp' : 0.333333 , 'quart' : 0.0052083333 , 'floz' : 0.1666666667 , 'pint' :  0.0104166667, 'gal' : 0.00130208323 , 'ml' : 4.92892 , 'liter' : 0.00492892}
dictcups = cups = {'tbsp' : 16 ,
        'tsp' : 48 ,
        'quart' : 0.25 ,
        'floz' : 8.32674 ,
        'pint' : 0.5 ,
        'gal' : 0.0625 ,
        'ml' : 236.588 ,
        'liter' : 0.236588}
quart = {'cup' : 4 , 'tsp' : 192 , 'tbsp' : 64 , 'floz' : 32 , 'pint' : 2 , 'gal' : 0.25 , 'ml' : 946.353 , 'liter' : 0.946353}
floz = {'cup' : 0.125 , 'tsp' : 6 , 'quart' : 0.03125 , 'tbsp' : 2 , 'pint' : 0.0625 , 'gal' : 0.0078125 , 'ml' : 29.5735 , 'liter' : 0.0295735}
pint = {'cup' : 2 , 'tsp' : 96 , 'quart' : 0.5 , 'floz' : 16 , 'tbsp' : 32 , 'gal' : 0.125 , 'ml' : 473.176 , 'liter' : 0.473176}
gal = {'cup' : 16 , 'tsp' : 768 , 'quart' : 4 , 'floz' : 128 , 'pint' : 8 , 'tbsp' : 256 , 'ml' : 3785.41 , 'liter' : 3.78541}
ml = {'cup' : 0.0042267571 , 'tsp' : 0.202884 , 'quart' : 0.00105669 , 'floz' : 0.033814 , 'pint' : 0.00211338 , 'gal' : 0.000264172 , 'tbsp' : 0.067628 , 'liter' : 0.001}
liter = {'cup' : 4.226757063 , 'tsp' : 202.884 , 'quart' : 1.05669 , 'floz' : 33.814 , 'pint' : 2.11338 , 'gal' : 0.264172 , 'ml' : 1000 , 'tbsp' : 67.628}
acceptableInputs = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'] #This is used to check if what the user entered is one of the eight acceptable units

def takeUnit1 (): #Figure out what unit the user wants to convert
    global convFactor
    print ('Unit Converter')
    print ('')
    print ('')
    print ('Select the unit you want to convert FROM')
    print ('')
    print ('1 Tbsp - Tablespoon')
    print ('2 Tsp - Teaspoon')
    print ('3 C - Cups')
    print ('4 qt. - Quart')
    print ('5 fl. oz. - Fluid Ounce')
    print ('6 gal. - Gallon')
    print ('7 ml - Milliliter')
    print ('8 L - Liter')
    print ('9 P - Pints')
    convFROM = input('Unit: ')
    convFactor = input('How many?: ')

    if convFROM in acceptableInputs: #Check if input is acceptable
        global convFROMconv
        global dCallOne
        if convFROM == '1':
            convFROMconv = 'Tablespoons'
            dCallOne = tbsp
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '2':
            convFROMconv = 'Teaspoons'
            dCallOne = tsp
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '3':
            convFROMconv = 'Cups'
            dCallOne = dictcups
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '4':
            convFROMconv = 'Quarts'
            dCallOne = quart
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '5':
            convFROMconv = 'Fluid Ounces'
            dCallOne = floz
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '6':
            convFROMconv = 'Gallons'
            dCallOne = gal
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '7':
            convFROMconv = 'Milliliters'
            dCallOne = ml
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '8':
            convFROMconv = 'Liters'
            dCallOne = liter
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        elif convFROM == '9':
            convFROMconv = 'Pints'
            dCallOne = pint
            takeUnit2()  # Run the function to figure out what unit to convert to

        else:
            print ('')

    else:
        print('That is not an acceptable input, please try again')


def takeUnit2 (): #This function is to figure out what unit the user wants to convert TO
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Select the unit you want to convert TO')
    print ('1 Tbsp - Tablespoon')
    print ('2 Tsp - Teaspoon')
    print ('3 C - Cups')
    print ('4 qt. - Quart')
    print ('5 fl. oz. - Fluid Ounce')
    print ('6 gal. - Gallon')
    print ('7 ml - Milliliter')
    print ('8 L - Liter')
    print ('9 P - Pints')
    convTO = input('Unit: ')

    if convTO in acceptableInputs: #Checking if it is one of the 8 accepted units
        global convTOname #Making convTOconv global
        global TOfunc1
        if convTO == '1': #This whole statement converts the input number to its corresponding name
            convTOname = 'tbsp'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOtbsp'
            TOtbsp()

        elif convTO == '2':
            convTOname = 'tsp'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOtsp'
            TOtsp()

        elif convTO == '3':
            convTOname = 'cup'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOcups'
            TOcup()

        elif convTO == '4':
            convTOname = 'quart'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOquarts'
            TOquart()

        elif convTO == '5':
            convTOname = 'floz'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOfloz'
            TOfloz()

        elif convTO == '6':
            convTOname = 'gal'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOgal'
            TOgal()

        elif convTO == '7':
            convTOname = 'ml'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOml'
            TOml()

        elif convTO == '8':
            convTOname = 'liter'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOliters'
            TOliter()

        elif convTO == '9':
            convTOname = 'pint'
            TOfunc1 = 'TOpint'
            TOpint()


        else: #Statement requires an else, not intended to ever be used
            print ('')

    else:
        print('That is not an acceptable input, please try again')


def TOtbsp ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: tablespoons')
    dictEnt = dCallOne['tbsp']
    print (dCallOne['tbsp'])
    print (dCallOne)
    print (dictEnt)
    print (convFactor)
    calc = convFactor * dictEnt
    print(calc)

def TOtsp ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: teaspoons')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['tsp']
    print(calc)

def TOcup ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: cups')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['cup']
    print(calc)

def TOquart ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: quarts')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['quart']
    print(calc)

def TOfloz ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: fluid ounces')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['floz']
    print(calc)

def TOml ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: milliliters')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['ml']
    print(calc)

def TOgal ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: gallons')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['gal']
    print(calc)


def TOpint ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: pints')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['pint']
    print(calc)

def TOliter ():
    os.system('cls')
    print ('Convert ' + convFROMconv + ' to: liters')
    print (dCallOne)
    calc = dCallOne['liter']
    print(calc)

takeUnit1()

Answer 1

在python3中，^{}返回一个字符串（即使用户输入了一个数字），因此convFactor = input('How many?: ')将convFactor的值设置为一个字符串。将一个字符串乘以一个数字（就像在calc = convFactor * dictEnt中发生的那样）只会重复多次该字符串，因此最终得到十六个1。要解决这个问题，请使用^{}将convFactor转换为一个数字，最好是在调用input()之后：

convFactor = int(input('How many?: '))