Python：跨函数共享变量

Question

我对Python还不熟悉。我想让这部分变量在函数间共享。你知道吗

     publist = []
     publication = {"pubid" : 1, "title" : 2, "year" : 3, "pubtype" : 4, "pubkey" :5}
     article = False
     book = False
     inproceeding = False
     incollection = False
     pubidCounter = 0

我应该把这些变量放在哪里。我试着把它如下所示，但它说，有一个与indundation错误。但是，将它们放在外部会返回缩进错误。你知道吗

import xml.sax


class ABContentHandler(xml.sax.ContentHandler):
     publist = []
     publication = {"pubid" : 1, "title" : 2, "year" : 3, "pubtype" : 4, "pubkey" :5}
     article = False
     book = False
     inproceeding = False
     incollection = False
     pubidCounter = 0

    def __init__(self):
        xml.sax.ContentHandler.__init__(self)

    def startElement(self, name, attrs):

        if name == "incollection":
            incollection = true
            publication["pubkey"] = attrs.getValue("pubkey")
            pubidCounter += 1

        if(name == "title" and incollection):
            publication["pubtype"] = "incollection"



    def endElement(self, name):
        if name == "incollection":

            publication["pubid"] = pubidCounter
            publist.add(publication)
            incollection = False

    #def characters(self, content):


def main(sourceFileName):
    source = open(sourceFileName)
    xml.sax.parse(source, ABContentHandler())


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main("dblp.xml")

Answer 1

当这样放置它们时，您将它们定义为类的本地对象，因此需要通过self检索它们

例如

def startElement(self, name, attrs):

    if name == "incollection":
        self.incollection = true
        self.publication["pubkey"] = attrs.getValue("pubkey")
        self.pubidCounter += 1

    if(name == "title" and incollection):
        self.publication["pubtype"] = "incollection"

如果您希望它们是全局的，那么应该在类之外定义它们

Answer 2

在类定义中放置变量时，可以这样引用这些变量：self.incollection（self是类实例）。如果不这样做（只需按名称引用这些变量，如incollection），Python将尝试在全局范围内查找这些变量。因此，您可以将它们定义为全局变量，并在引用这些变量之前使用global关键字：

global incollection
incollection = true