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<p>即时消息使用最新的<code>Kubuntu</code>和<code>Python 2.7.6</code>。我尝试使用以下代码下载<code>https</code>页面:</p>
<pre><code>import urllib2
hdr = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11',
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Charset': 'ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3',
'Accept-Encoding': 'none',
'Accept-Language': 'pl-PL,pl;q=0.8',
'Connection': 'keep-alive'}
req = urllib2.Request(main_page_url, headers=hdr)
try:
page = urllib2.urlopen(req)
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
print e.fp.read()
content = page.read()
print content
</code></pre>
<p>但是,我得到了这样一个错误:</p>
<pre><code>Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 33, in <module>
page = urllib2.urlopen(req)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 127, in urlopen
return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 404, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 422, in _open
'_open', req)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1222, in https_open
return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPSConnection, req)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1184, in do_open
raise URLError(err)
urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 1] _ssl.c:510: error:14077438:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:tlsv1 alert internal error>
</code></pre>
<p>如何解决这个问题?</p>
<p><strong>解决了!</strong></p>
<p>我使用了@SteffenUllrich给出的url<a href="https://www.ssllabs.com" rel="noreferrer">https://www.ssllabs.com</a>。结果发现服务器使用了TLS 1.2,所以我将python更新为2.7.10,并将代码修改为:</p>
<pre><code>import ssl
import urllib2
context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1)
hdr = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11',
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Charset': 'ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3',
'Accept-Encoding': 'none',
'Accept-Language': 'pl-PL,pl;q=0.8',
'Connection': 'keep-alive'}
req = urllib2.Request(main_page_url, headers=hdr)
try:
page = urllib2.urlopen(req,context=context)
except urllib2.HTTPError, e:
print e.fp.read()
content = page.read()
print content
</code></pre>
<p>现在它下载了页面。</p>