我试图用Tkinter来可视化一些时间序列数据。我的数据是二维矩阵的形式,行表示块,列表示某个时间段。所有值都在0和1之间。在
我想用Tkinter创建一个python脚本,它创建一个窗口,在一个正方形矩阵中显示块,第一列决定每个块的亮度,然后在预定的时间之后,根据数据中连续的列更改块的亮度。在
我已经创造了一个版本:
#!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import os.path
import Tkinter as tk
import math
# program constants
WINDOW_WIDTH = 900
# function to change the colours of the blocks based on current period
def redrawPeriod(t):
for b in xrange(len(blocks)):
luminance = int(blocks[b][t] * 255)
colour = "#%x%x%x" % (luminance,luminance,luminance)
canvas.itemconfig(block_ids[b],fill=colour)
# sample data (4 blocks 4 periods)
blocks = [
[0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8],
[0.3, 0.0, 0.4, 0.0],
[0.5, 0.7, 0.0, 1.0],
[0.0, 0.0, 0.3, 0.6],
[1.0, 0.5, 0.2, 0.9]
]
# get number of blocks and periods
nB = len(blocks)
nT = len(blocks[0])
n_cols = int(math.sqrt(nB))
n_rows = n_cols
# if not perfect square number of blocks, add extra row
if (nB % n_rows != 0):
n_rows = n_rows + 1
# calculate block size
BLOCK_SIZE = WINDOW_WIDTH / n_cols
WINDOW_HEIGHT = BLOCK_SIZE * n_rows
# initialise Tkinter
root = tk.Tk()
# initialise canvas
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=WINDOW_WIDTH, height=WINDOW_HEIGHT, background="#002080")
# open canvas
canvas.pack()
# container for block objects
block_ids = []
x = 0
y = -1*BLOCK_SIZE
# initialise block objects
for b in xrange(nB):
if (b % n_cols == 0):
x = 0
y = y + BLOCK_SIZE
luminance = int(blocks[b][0] * 255)
colour = "#%x%x%x" % (luminance,luminance,luminance)
id = canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x+BLOCK_SIZE, y+BLOCK_SIZE, outline="",fill = colour)
block_ids.append(id)
x = x + BLOCK_SIZE
for t in xrange(nT):
root.after(1000, redrawPeriod,t)
root.mainloop()
这似乎是我想要它做的,但是它每次都直接跳转到最后一帧——也就是说,它不画一帧,不停,不画另一帧,再停,等等
谁能帮我弄清楚我做错了什么吗?在
你的问题是当你打电话给:
root.after()
不会阻止执行,因此for循环执行得非常快,并且所有重画事件都会在1000毫秒后同时调用在Tkinter中运行动画的通常方法是编写一个在延迟后调用自身的动画方法(有关详细信息,请参见Method for having animated movement for canvas objects python和Tkinter, executing functions over time)。
你可以这样做:
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