<p>在Python 3.3中，包含一个<a href="https://docs.python.org/3.6/using/windows.html#python-launcher-for-windows" rel="nofollow noreferrer">launcher for Windows</a>：<code>py</code>（对于GUI或非UI应用程序，<code>pyw</code>）</p>
<blockquote>
<p>which aids in locating and executing of different Python versions. It allows scripts (or the command-line) to indicate a preference for a specific Python version, and will locate and execute that version.</p>
<p>Unlike the PATH variable, the launcher will correctly select the most appropriate version of Python. It will prefer per-user installations over system-wide ones, and orders by language version rather than using the most recently installed version.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Python安装程序默认情况下会将Python的文件扩展名链接到<code>open</code>动词，因此您只需键入Python文件的名称（如果需要，还可以键入参数）就可以运行该文件。</p>
<ul>
<li><code>py</code>：<code>.py</code>，<code>.pyc</code>和<code>.pyo</code>（<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/distutils/apiref.html?highlight=pyc#distutils.util.byte_compile" rel="nofollow noreferrer">byte-compiled</a>）和<code>.pyz</code>（<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/zipapp.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">zip-compressed</a>）。</li>
<li><code>pyw</code>：<code>.pyw</code>和<code>.pyzw</code>（压缩压缩）。</li>
</ul>
<p>警告：<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9705982/pythonw-exe-or-python-exe/30313091#30313091">be aware of the differences between python.exe and pythonw.exe</a></p>
<hr/>
<p>除其他优点外，Windows启动程序读取“nix shebangs，因此可以指定Python版本或<code>python.exe</code>的<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/using/cmdline.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">command line arguments</a></p>
<p>您可以在运行此脚本时检查此项（假设py3为默认值）：</p>
<pre><code>#! /usr/bin/python2.7 -i
import sys
print(sys.version)
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>myscript.py</code>：与<code>py</code>一起运行，启动<code>python2.7</code>，完成后进入交互模式（<code>-i</code>，非常适合测试和调试）。</li>
<li><code>myscript.py -3</code>：与<code>py</code>一起运行，启动<code>python3</code>，并保持交互模式。</li>
<li><code>python myscript.py</code>：使用默认的python运行时运行，没有交互模式。</li>
</ul>
<hr/>
<p>您可以使用<code>ftype</code>更改此默认关联，但我强烈建议：</p>
<ul>
<li>Nirsoft的<a href="http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/file_types_manager.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">File Types Manager</a>实用程序。</li>
<li>查看有关文件扩展名和关联的msdn文档：<a href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ff521657(v=vs.85).aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Implementing a Custom File Format</a>。</li>
</ul>
<p>您可以很容易地将其他动词（如<code>edit</code>、<code>test</code>、<code>debug</code>…）与这些文件关联起来。</p>
<hr/>
<p>此外，还可以通过将Python的扩展名添加到<code>PATHEXT</code>环境变量（按首选项排序）中，从而省略Python在终端中运行文件的扩展名。（必须重新打开终端才能使更改生效）。</p>
<p><code>setx PATHEXT %PATHEXT%;.PYC;.PYZ;.PY</code></p>
