用for循环生成Python代码块

Question

我用PyGtk制作了一个小的GUI程序，用于参数化地绘制自行车的框架（想法是：移动一些滑块，框架将用更新的参数重新绘制）。在

在代码的某个地方，我必须为每个参数创建一个滑块，我得到了一个非常非python和重复性的代码（抱歉，在编写此消息时，我无法获得正确的缩进）：

def adjustbottomBracketHeight(par):
    BikeDrawing.p.bottomBracketHeight = par.get_value()
    painelhoriz.queue_draw()
bottomBracketHeightAdjust = gtk.Adjustment(value=BikeDrawing.p.bottomBracketHeight, lower=180., upper=400., step_incr=10.)
bbhScale = gtk.HScale(adjustment=bottomBracketHeightAdjust)
bbhScale.set_value_pos(gtk.POS_LEFT)
bbhScale.connect("value-changed", adjustbottomBracketHeight)
bbhLabel = gtk.Label("Bottom bracket height")
topcolumn1.pack_start(bbhLabel, False, False)
topcolumn1.pack_start(bbhScale, True, True)

def adjustseatTubeAngle(par):
    BikeDrawing.p.seatTubeAngle = par.get_value()
    painelhoriz.queue_draw()    
seatTubeAngleAdjust = gtk.Adjustment(value=BikeDrawing.p.seatTubeAngle, lower=60., upper=85., step_incr=0.5)
staScale = gtk.HScale(adjustment=seatTubeAngleAdjust)
staScale.set_value_pos(gtk.POS_LEFT)
staScale.connect("value-changed", adjustseatTubeAngle)
staLabel = gtk.Label("Seat tube angle")
topcolumn1.pack_start(staLabel, False, False)
topcolumn1.pack_start(staScale, True, True)

def adjustSeatTubeLength(par):
    BikeDrawing.p.seatTubeLength = par.get_value()
    painelhoriz.queue_draw()
seatTubeLengthAdjust = gtk.Adjustment(value=BikeDrawing.p.seatTubeLength, lower=300., upper=700., step_incr=10.)
stlScale = gtk.HScale(adjustment=seatTubeLengthAdjust)
stlScale.set_value_pos(gtk.POS_LEFT)
stlScale.connect("value-changed", adjustSeatTubeLength)
topcolumn1.pack_start(stlScale, True, True)

def adjusttopTubeLength(par):
    BikeDrawing.p.topTubeLength = par.get_value()
    painelhoriz.queue_draw()
topTubeLengthAdjust = gtk.Adjustment(value=BikeDrawing.p.topTubeLength,
    lower=400., upper=700., step_incr=10.)
ttlScale = gtk.HScale(adjustment=topTubeLengthAdjust)
ttlScale.set_value_pos(gtk.POS_LEFT)
ttlScale.connect("value-changed", adjusttopTubeLength)
topcolumn1.pack_start(ttlScale, True, True)

通过一些小的修改，我想（知道如何；o）在参数名列表上“创建”这种代码，类似于：

^{pr2}$

我读了之前的一些问题/答案，但这个具体问题似乎没有答案。在

非常感谢您的关注

Answer 1

如果我理解你的话：

def widgetize(parameter):
    def handler(par):
        setattr(BikeDrawing.p, parameter, par.get_value()
        painelhoriz.queue_draw()

    adjust = gtk.Adjustment(value=getattr(BikeDrawing.p, parameter), lower=300., upper=700., step_incr=10.)
    stlScale = gtk.HScale(adjustment=adjust)
    stlScale.set_value_pos(gtk.POS_LEFT)
    stlScale.connect("value-changed", handler)
    topcolumn1.pack_start(stlScale, True, True)

您可能还需要将其他一些参数（如BikeDrawing.p）传递给widgetize。在

注意，不需要为对象或函数的名称自定义本地名称，这里只需要属性的名称。对于更通用的代码，请使用更通用的函数和对象名。在

Answer 2

这个高阶函数为您创建函数。但是您需要确保像painelhoriz和{}这样的变量要么在定义的范围内，要么手动传递它们。在

def widgetize(name, needsLabel = False, labelText = None):
    def adjust(par):
        val = par.get_value()
        setattr(BikeDrawing.p, name, val)
        painelhoriz.queue_draw()
        adjustment = gtk.Adjustment(value=val, lower=180., upper=400., step_incr=10.0)
        scale = gtk.HScale(adjustment=adjustment)
        scale.set_value_pos(gtk.POS_LEFT)
        scale.connect("value-changed", adjust)
        if needsLabel:
            label = gtk.Label(labelText)
            topcolumn1.pack_start(Label, False, False)
        topcolumn1.pack_start(scale, True, True)
    # add nice name for debugging
    adjust.__name__ = "adjust{}".format(name[0].upper() + name[1:])
    return adjust

一个备注：你似乎混淆了控件的生成与属性的调整和每帧绘图。也就是说，代码会在每次更改时重新生成所有小部件。。。在

Answer 3

我想这或多或少就是你想要的：

def makeAdjuster(name, attr, lower, upper, step):
    def doAdjust(par):
        setattr(Bikedrawing.p, attr, par.get_value())
        panelhoriz.queue_draw()

    val = getattr(Bikedrawing.p, attr)
    adjust = gtk.Adjustment(value=val, lower=lower, upper=upper, step_incr=step)

    label = gtk.Label(name)
    topcolumn1.pack_start(label, False, False)

    scale = gtk.HScale(adjustment=adjust)
    scale.set_value_pos(gtk.POS_LEFT)
    scale.connect("value-changed", doAdjust)
    topcolumn1.pack_start(scale, True, True)

for adj in (
    ('Bottom bracket height', 'bottomBracketHeight', 180., 400., 10.),
    ('Seat tube angle', 'seatTubeAngle', 60., 80., 0.5),
    ('Seat tube length', 'seatTubeLength', 300., 700., 10.),
    ('Top tube length', 'topTubeLength', 400., 700., 10.)
):
    makeAdjuster(*adj)