<p><strong>编辑-使用词典:</strong></p>
<p>既然您已经指定了如何操作数据,我强烈建议您改用<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict" rel="nofollow">dictionary</a>而不是列表。由于键和值的关联是如何工作的,字典将允许您通过比数字索引更具描述性的值来访问特定项,就像列表那样。您的新代码如下所示:</p>
<pre><code>>>> names = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']
>>> prices1 = ['0.40', '1.20', '0.35']
>>> prices2 = ['0.43', '1.21', '0.34']
>>>
>>> fruits = {} # fruits is now a dictionary, which is indicated by the curly braces
>>> for i in range(len(names)):
... fruits[ names[i] ] = [ prices1[i], prices2[i] ]
...
>>> print(fruits)
{'orange': ['0.35', '0.34'], 'apple': ['0.40', '0.43'], 'banana': ['1.20', '1.21']}
</code></pre>
<p>如果你需要查看某一特定水果的价格,你可以随时使用:</p>
^{pr2}$
<p>同样,要添加新价格,只需键入:</p>
<pre><code>>>> fruits['banana'].append('1.80')
>>> print( fruits['banana'] )
['1.20', '1.21', '1.80']
</code></pre>
<p>除去价格:</p>
<pre><code>>>> fruits['orange'].remove('0.34')
>>> print( fruits['orange'] )
['0.35']
</code></pre>
<p>要在字典中插入一个全新的项,只需使用<code>=</code>运算符将属性赋给新键:</p>
<pre><code>>>> fruits['durian'] = ['2.25', '2.33']
>>> print( fruits )
{'orange': ['0.35'], 'durian': ['2.25', '2.33'], 'apple': ['0.40', '0.43'], 'banana': ['1.20', '1.21', '1.80']}
</code></pre>
<p>要删除一个项目,只需调用<code>pop</code>方法:</p>
<pre><code>>>> fruits.pop('apple')
['0.40', '0.43']
>>> print( fruits )
{'orange': ['0.35'], 'durian': ['2.25', '2.33'], 'banana': ['1.20', '1.21', '1.80']}
</code></pre>
<p>这样一来,你就可以更清楚地知道在任何给定的时间里你在操纵什么,而不是试图在模糊的列表索引中混日子。在</p>
<p>但是,如果你必须使用列表,请参考下面我的旧答案。在</p>
<hr/>
<p><strong>旧答案:</strong></p>
<p>假设所使用的两个价格表应分配给两个不同的变量,一个解决方案是迭代列表,如下所示:</p>
<pre><code>>>> names = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']
>>> prices1 = ['0.40', '1.20', '0.35']
>>> prices2 = ['0.43', '1.21', '0.34']
>>>
>>> fruits = []
>>> for i in range(len(names)):
... fruits.append( [ names[i], [prices1[i], prices2[i]] ] )
...
>>> fruits
[['apple', ['0.40', '0.43']], ['banana', ['1.20', '1.21']], ['orange', ['0.35', '0.34']]]
</code></pre>