将单列文本文件合并为一个多列文件，用制表符分隔

Question

我有几个一列文本文件，我想把它们放在一起（例如，每个文件是一列）。我能找到的唯一文档是关于将文件附加到其他文件的底部。这就是我被困的地方。

import glob
MA_files = glob.glob("MA*continuous*2")

with open("MA_continuous_results.csv", "wb") as outfile:
    for eachFile in MA_files:
        with open(eachFile, "rb") as infile:
            eachFile=eachFile.split("maskave_")
            # eachFile[-1] = 15_2 etc
            outfile.write('%s\n' % eachFile[-1])
            for line in infile:
                #split by [ because text after that, files give unnecessary info
                line=line.split('[')
                #only write info before [
                outfile.writelines('%s\n' % line[0])

输出如下：

^{pr2}$

但我希望它看起来像这样（用制表符或逗号分隔的列）：

 15_2       21_2
-0.0383935  -0.097086
-0.0559652  -0.210296
-0.0168811  0.0639971
-0.0996374  0.00949209
-0.151921   -0.227474
-0.131327   0.0180759
-0.0509602  -0.135376
-0.109181   -0.212909
-0.0238667  -0.00786295
-0.00646939 -0.00922367
-0.106631   -0.0749584
-0.0380114  -0.0584701
-0.0219288  -0.019548
-0.0135917  -0.0984993
-0.0627647  -0.00848889
-0.0605226  -0.164244
-0.0534139  -0.0121499
-0.0134063  0.0100612

我怎么能做到呢？

示例文件名：

马逖连续混合趵maskave_19_2 马逖连续混合趵maskave_18_2

示例内容：

-0.182682 [344 voxels]
-0.0631301 [344 voxels]
-0.0101798 [344 voxels]
-0.121342 [344 voxels]
-0.547331 [344 voxels]
-0.0582418 [344 voxels]
-0.284454 [344 voxels]
-0.262656 [344 voxels]
-0.123836 [344 voxels]
-0.0371469 [344 voxels]
-0.265201 [344 voxels]
-0.147427 [344 voxels]
-0.34516 [344 voxels]
-0.0431832 [344 voxels]
-0.0171557 [344 voxels]
-0.14525 [344 voxels]
-0.0864529 [344 voxels]
0.0881003 [344 voxels]

Answer 1

这里有一个很好的方法，可以增量执行，并确保在结束时关闭所有涉及的文件：

from contextlib import contextmanager
import glob
from itertools import izip

@contextmanager
def multi_file_manager(files, mode='rb'):
    """ Open multiple files and make sure they all get closed. """
    files = [open(file, mode) for file in files]
    yield files
    for file in files:
        file.close()

def read_info(file):
    """ Generator function to read and extract info from each line of a file. """
    for line in file:
        yield line.split('[')[0]

with open("MA_continuous_results.csv", "wb") as outfile:
    MA_files = glob.glob("MA*continuous*2")

    col_headers = (filename.split("maskave_")[-1] for filename in MA_files)
    outfile.write('\t'.join(col_headers) + '\n')

    with multi_file_manager(MA_files) as infiles:
        generators = [read_info(file) for file in infiles]

        for fields in izip(*generators):
            outfile.write('\t'.join(fields) + '\n')

Answer 2

我将重写您的代码如下：

import glob
from itertools import izip

def extract_meaningful_info(line):
    return line.rstrip('\n').split('[')[0]

MA_files = glob.glob("MA*continuous*2")

with open("MA_continuous_results.csv", "wb") as outfile:
    outfile.write("\t".join(MA_files) + '\n')
    for fields in izip(*(open(f) for f in MA_files)):
        fields = [extract_meaningful_info(f) for f in fields]
        outfile.write('\t'.join(fields) + '\n')

（代码是python2）

您可能需要阅读以下内容：

• itertools.izip

• *in the arguments of function