Selenium在下载时提供文件名

Question

我正在使用一个selenium脚本，在这里我试图下载一个Excel文件并给它一个特定的名称。这是我的代码：

我能给正在下载的文件起一个特定的名字吗？

代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile import FirefoxProfile

profile = FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "text/plain, application/vnd.ms-excel, text/csv, text/comma-separated-values, application/octet-stream")
profile.set_preference("browser.download.dir", "C:\\Downloads" )
browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)

browser.get('https://test.com/')
browser.find_element_by_partial_link_text("Excel").click() # Download file

Answer 1

有件事我可以纠正@parishodak的回答：

这里的文件名只返回相对路径（这里是文件名），而不是绝对路径。

这就是@FreshRamen在之后出现以下错误的原因：

File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.10_2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/‌​python2.7/genericpath.py", 
line 72, in getctime return os.stat(filename).st_ctime OSError: 
[Errno 2] No such file or directory: '.localized'

有正确的代码：

import os
import shutil

filepath = 'c:\downloads'
filename = max([filepath +"\"+ f for f in os.listdir(filepath)], key=os.path.getctime)
shutil.move(os.path.join(dirpath,filename),newfilename)

Answer 2

这里是另一个简单的解决方案，您可以等到下载完成，然后从chrome下载中获取下载的文件名。

铬：

# method to get the downloaded file name
def getDownLoadedFileName(waitTime):
    driver.execute_script("window.open()")
    # switch to new tab
    driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[-1])
    # navigate to chrome downloads
    driver.get('chrome://downloads')
    # define the endTime
    endTime = time.time()+waitTime
    while True:
        try:
            # get downloaded percentage
            downloadPercentage = driver.execute_script(
                "return document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList downloads-item').shadowRoot.querySelector('#progress').value")
            # check if downloadPercentage is 100 (otherwise the script will keep waiting)
            if downloadPercentage == 100:
                # return the file name once the download is completed
                return driver.execute_script("return document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList downloads-item').shadowRoot.querySelector('div#content  #file-link').text")
        except:
            pass
        time.sleep(1)
        if time.time() > endTime:
            break

火狐：

def getDownLoadedFileName(waitTime):
    driver.execute_script("window.open()")
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.new_window_is_opened)
    driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[-1])
    driver.get("about:downloads")

    endTime = time.time()+waitTime
    while True:
        try:
            fileName = driver.execute_script("return document.querySelector('#contentAreaDownloadsView .downloadMainArea .downloadContainer description:nth-of-type(1)').value")
            if fileName:
                return fileName
        except:
            pass
        time.sleep(1)
        if time.time() > endTime:
            break

单击下载链接/按钮后，只需调用上面的方法。

 # click on download link
 browser.find_element_by_partial_link_text("Excel").click()
 # get the downloaded file name
 latestDownloadedFileName = getDownLoadedFileName(180) #waiting 3 minutes to complete the download
 print(latestDownloadedFileName)

JAVA+浏览器：

这是java中的方法。

public String waitUntilDonwloadCompleted(WebDriver driver) throws InterruptedException {
      // Store the current window handle
      String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();

      // open a new tab
      JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
      js.executeScript("window.open()");
     // switch to new tab
    // Switch to new window opened
      for(String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()){
          driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);
      }
     // navigate to chrome downloads
      driver.get("chrome://downloads");

      JavascriptExecutor js1 = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
      // wait until the file is downloaded
      Long percentage = (long) 0;
      while ( percentage!= 100) {
          try {
              percentage = (Long) js1.executeScript("return document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList downloads-item').shadowRoot.querySelector('#progress').value");
              //System.out.println(percentage);
          }catch (Exception e) {
            // Nothing to do just wait
        }
          Thread.sleep(1000);
      }
     // get the latest downloaded file name
      String fileName = (String) js1.executeScript("return document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList downloads-item').shadowRoot.querySelector('div#content #file-link').text");
     // get the latest downloaded file url
      String sourceURL = (String) js1.executeScript("return document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList downloads-item').shadowRoot.querySelector('div#content #file-link').href");
      // file downloaded location
      String donwloadedAt = (String) js1.executeScript("return document.querySelector('downloads-manager').shadowRoot.querySelector('#downloadsList downloads-item').shadowRoot.querySelector('div.is-active.focus-row-active #file-icon-wrapper img').src");
      System.out.println("Download deatils");
      System.out.println("File Name :-" + fileName);
      System.out.println("Donwloaded path :- " + donwloadedAt);
      System.out.println("Downloaded from url :- " + sourceURL);
     // print the details
      System.out.println(fileName);
      System.out.println(sourceURL);
     // close the downloads tab2
      driver.close();
     // switch back to main window
      driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);
      return fileName;
  }

这就是如何在java脚本中调用它。

// download triggering step 
downloadExe.click();
// now waituntil download finish and then get file name
System.out.println(waitUntilDonwloadCompleted(driver));

输出：

Download deatils

File Name :-RubyMine-2019.1.2 (7).exe

Donwloaded path :- chrome://fileicon/C%3A%5CUsers%5Csupputuri%5CDownloads%5CRubyMine-2019.1.2%20(7).exe?scale=1.25x

Downloaded from url :- https://download-cf.jetbrains.com/ruby/RubyMine-2019.1.2.exe

RubyMine-2019.1.2 (7).exe

Answer 3

不能通过selenium指定下载文件的名称。但是，您可以下载该文件，在下载的文件夹中找到最新的文件，然后根据需要重命名。

注意：从google搜索中借用的方法可能有错误。但你明白了。

import os
import shutil
filename = max([Initial_path + "\\" + f for f in os.listdir(Initial_path)],key=os.path.getctime)
shutil.move(filename,os.path.join(Initial_path,r"newfilename.ext"))