利用OpenCV改进图像中矩形轮廓的检测

2024-05-19 17:04:06 发布

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我试图检测给定图像中的矩形框

原始图像: original image 但是图像不足以检测到矩形,如何改进它并检测图像中的所有矩形?在

我试着用canny边缘检测和应用扩张、双边滤波将图像转换为二值图像,然后输出如下:

binary image

我试着把所有的形态都应用到图像中,但索贝尔当时无法检测到图像中的所有矩形。如果我能够找到矩形的所有边界,那么我可以使用find countours检测所有矩形,但是如何改进图像以检测所有矩形呢。在

给定转换的代码如下所示

img =  cv2.imread("givenimage.png",0)
img = cv2.resize(img,(1280,720))
edges = cv2.Canny(img,100,200)
kernal = np.ones((2,2),np.uint8)
dilation = cv2.dilate(edges, kernal , iterations=2)
bilateral = cv2.bilateralFilter(dilation,9,75,75)
contours, hireracy = cv2.findContours(bilateral,cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
for i,contour in enumerate(contours):
    approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(contour, 0.01*cv2.arcLength(contour,True),True)   
    if len(approx) ==4:
        X,Y,W,H = cv2.boundingRect(approx)
        aspectratio = float(W)/H
        if aspectratio >=1.2 :
            box = cv2.rectangle(img, (X,Y), (X+W,Y+H), (0,0,255), 2)
            cropped = img[Y: Y+H, X: X+W]
            cv2.drawContours(img, [approx], 0, (0,255,0),5)
            x = approx.ravel()[0]
            y = approx.ravel()[1]
            cv2.putText(img, "rectangle"+str(i), (x,y),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX, 0.5, (0,255,0))
cv2.imshow("image",img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

以下程序的输出仅检测到8个矩形:

Output

但是我需要检测图像中所有的矩形

1)我是否可以增加图像中所有黑色像素的厚度:

original image

2)是否可以将

binary image


Tags: 图像trueimgifnpcv2contour矩形
2条回答

这里有一个简单的方法:

  • 将图像转换为灰度和高斯模糊
  • 执行canny边缘检测
  • 找轮廓画矩形

Canny边缘检测

enter image description here

结果

enter image description here

import cv2

image = cv2.imread('1.png')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
blurred = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray, (3, 3), 0)
canny = cv2.Canny(blurred, 120, 255, 1)

# Find contours
cnts = cv2.findContours(canny, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]

# Iterate thorugh contours and draw rectangles around contours
for c in cnts:
    x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(c)
    cv2.rectangle(image, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (36,255,12), 2)

cv2.imshow('canny', canny)
cv2.imshow('image', image)
cv2.imwrite('canny.png', canny)
cv2.imwrite('image.png', image)
cv2.waitKey(0)

您的想法是正确的,但在第一阶段,您可以使用threshold操作。然后找出轮廓。然后对建立的等值线进行minAreaRect运算。在

编辑:

结果和代码(c++):

enter image description here

Mat img = imread("/Users/alex/Downloads/MyPRI.png", IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
Mat img2;
threshold(img, img2, 220, 255, THRESH_BINARY);

Mat element = getStructuringElement(MORPH_CROSS, Size(3, 3), Point(1, 1));
erode(img2, img2, element); // without it find contours fails on some rects

imshow("img", img);
imshow("img2", img2);
waitKey();


// preprocessing done, search rectanges
vector<vector<Point> > contours;

vector<Vec4i> hierarchy;
findContours(img2, contours, hierarchy, CV_RETR_TREE, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE);

vector<RotatedRect> rects;
for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) {
    if (hierarchy[i][2] > 0) continue;

    // capture inner contour
    RotatedRect rr = minAreaRect(contours[i]);
    if (rr.size.area() < 100) continue; // too small

    rr.size.width += 8;
    rr.size.height += 8; // expand to outlier rect if needed
    rects.push_back(rr);
}


Mat debugImg;
cvtColor(img, debugImg, CV_GRAY2BGR);
for (RotatedRect rr : rects) {
    Point2f points[4];
    rr.points(points);
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        int ii = (i + 1) % 4;
        line(debugImg, points[i], points[ii], CV_RGB(255, 0, 0), 2);
    }
}
imshow("debug", debugImg);
waitKey();

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