Django:运行单元tes时配置错误

Question

我试图用Django编写我的第一个单元测试（运行1.5）。这是一个简单的测试，看看主页是否返回200状态。代码在我的一个应用程序的tests.py文件中。文件如下所示：

from django.test import TestCase
from django.test.client import Client

class HomePageTestCase(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.c = Client()

    def test_anonymous_home_page(self):
        """Test the home page when visited anonymously"""

        response = self.c.get('/')
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

运行manage.py test app_name.HomePageTestCase命令时，出现以下错误：

^{pr2}$

你知道我该怎么解决这个问题吗？提前谢谢。在

编辑1：

来自settings.py的中间件：

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'johnny.middleware.LocalStoreClearMiddleware',
    'johnny.middleware.QueryCacheMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'middleware.CustomMiddleware',
)

来自settings.py文件的相关应用程序：

INSTALLED_APPS = (
...

    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.admindocs',

...
)

编辑2：

从MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES中注释出'middleware.CustomMiddleware',之后，我得到一个新错误：

======================================================================
ERROR: test_anonymous_home_page (project.my_app.tests.HomePageTestCase)
Test the home page when visited anonymously
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".../project/my_app/tests.py", line 11, in test_anonymous_home_page
    response = c.get('/')
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 453, in get
    response = super(Client, self).get(path, data=data, **extra)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 279, in get
    return self.request(**r)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 424, in request
    six.reraise(*exc_info)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 103, in get_response
    resolver_match = resolver.resolve(request.path_info)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 321, in resolve
    sub_match = pattern.resolve(new_path)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 223, in resolve
    return ResolverMatch(self.callback, args, kwargs, self.name)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 230, in callback
    self._callback = get_callable(self._callback_str)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 31, in wrapper
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 101, in get_callable
    not module_has_submodule(import_module(parentmod), submod)):
  File "/Applications/djangostack-1.5.1-0/apps/django/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
ImportError: No module named my_app

----------------------------------------------------------------------

看起来可能是python路径问题什么的？我不是这方面的专家，这是肯定的。在

编辑3：

文件结构大致如下：

.
├── project
│   ├── email
│   │   └── management
│   │       └── commands
│   ├── app_name
│   │   ├── api
│   │   ├── migrations
│   │   └── test.py
│   ├── library
│   │   └── templatetags
│   ├── sitemaps
│   │   ├── exports
│   │   └── management
│   │       └── commands
│   ├── app_name_2
│   │   ├── api
│   │   ├── management
│   │   │   └── commands
│   │   └── migrations
│   ├── templates
│   └── app_name_3
│       ├── api
│       └── migrations
└── manage.py

Answer 1

看起来项目的路径不在系统路径中。所以我在测试文件的顶部添加了以下内容：

import sys
sys.path.append('/the/way/to/the/project')

感觉有点不舒服但是。。。它起作用了！我敢肯定是文件结构的问题。在