通过pip安装时Python GDAL包缺少头文件

Question

我正试图从虚拟环境（Ubuntu）中的pip pip install gdal安装gdal。它失败，因为它找不到cpl_port.h

extensions/gdal_wrap.cpp:2853:22: fatal error: cpl_port.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated

但是，GDAL安装正确，头文件位于/usr/include/gdal/cpl_port.h。是否需要为GDAL设置一些环境变量，以便pip查找头文件？

Answer 1

正如the other thread中所建议的，在运行pip之前导出一些shell变量可以完美地工作。可以使用gdal-config --cflags找到*_INCLUDE_PATH的路径。

# GDAL library must have been installed
sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev

# Set up pip and/or virtualenv stuff
...

# Now install Python binding for GDAL
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal
export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal
pip install GDAL

Answer 2

Tomyun的回答对我有效，但前提是必须确保通过apt-get安装的GDAL dev版本与通过pip安装的版本匹配。

对于Ubuntu 14.04，命令是：

# GDAL library must have been installed
sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev

# Set up pip and/or virtualenv stuff
...

# Now install Python binding for GDAL
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal
export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/gdal
pip3 install GDAL=1.10.0

Answer 3

使用PIP：

pip install --no-install GDAL

然后cd到ENV/build/GDAL

python setup.py build_ext --include-dirs=/usr/include/gdal
pip install --no-download GDAL

（来源：http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1769445）

使用构建：

[gdal-bindings]
recipe = zc.recipe.egg:custom
egg = GDAL==1.9.1
include-dirs = /usr/include/gdal
library-dirs = /usr/lib